tomaarsen/reranker-MiniLM-L12-H384-uncased-msmarco-bce

CrossEncoder based on microsoft/MiniLM-L12-H384-uncased

This is a Cross Encoder model finetuned from microsoft/MiniLM-L12-H384-uncased on the msmarco dataset using the sentence-transformers library. It computes scores for pairs of texts, which can be used for text reranking and semantic search.

Model Details

Model Description

• Model Type: Cross Encoder
• Base model: microsoft/MiniLM-L12-H384-uncased
• Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
• Number of Output Labels: 1 label
• Training Dataset:
  • msmarco
• Language: en

Model Sources

• Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
• Documentation: Cross Encoder Documentation
• Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
• Hugging Face: Cross Encoders on Hugging Face

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import CrossEncoder

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = CrossEncoder("tomaarsen/reranker-MiniLM-L12-H384-uncased-msmarco-bce")
# Get scores for pairs of texts
pairs = [
    ['cost to repair a manifold gasket', 'Parts. The cost of the parts required to repair or replace your intake manifold gasket ranges from $25 to $100 in 2010, according to RepairPal, depending on the year and make of your car. This range applies if you have a 2005 Ford Taurus or a 2011 BMW 750Li.'],
    ['what county is salisbury missouri in', 'The St. Louis County, Missouri sales tax is 7.11% , consisting of 4.23% Missouri state sales tax and 2.89% St. Louis County local sales taxes.The local sales tax consists of a 1.64% county sales tax and a 1.25% special district sales tax (used to fund transportation districts, local attractions, etc). St. Louis County Missouri Sales Tax Exemptions.'],
    ['what is life expectancy for someone with lung cancer', 'The two general types of lung cancer include: Small cell lung cancer. Small cell lung cancer occurs almost exclusively in heavy smokers and is less common than non-small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer is an umbrella term for several types of lung cancers that behave in a similar way. Non-small cell lung cancers include squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma.'],
    ['where does the zambezi river start', 'Where is Zimbabwe? Zimbabwe lies between the Limpopo and Zambezi rivers in south central Africa. It is bounded by Zambia (797km) in the north and northwest, by South Africa (225km) in the south by Mozambique(1 231km) in the east and north-east, and by Botswana (813km)in the south-west. It has no coastline and is totally landlocked.'],
    ['what is a lichen moth', 'Understanding Oral Lichen Planus. Oral lichen planus can occur anywhere inside the mouth, but is usually seen on the inside of the cheeks and appears as thin white lines, patches, or dots. It is most common between the ages of 30 and 60. While it appears in about one to two percent of the population, women get oral lichen planus twice as often as men.'],
]
scores = model.predict(pairs)
print(scores.shape)
# (5,)

# Or rank different texts based on similarity to a single text
ranks = model.rank(
    'cost to repair a manifold gasket',
    [
        'Parts. The cost of the parts required to repair or replace your intake manifold gasket ranges from $25 to $100 in 2010, according to RepairPal, depending on the year and make of your car. This range applies if you have a 2005 Ford Taurus or a 2011 BMW 750Li.',
        'The St. Louis County, Missouri sales tax is 7.11% , consisting of 4.23% Missouri state sales tax and 2.89% St. Louis County local sales taxes.The local sales tax consists of a 1.64% county sales tax and a 1.25% special district sales tax (used to fund transportation districts, local attractions, etc). St. Louis County Missouri Sales Tax Exemptions.',
        'The two general types of lung cancer include: Small cell lung cancer. Small cell lung cancer occurs almost exclusively in heavy smokers and is less common than non-small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer is an umbrella term for several types of lung cancers that behave in a similar way. Non-small cell lung cancers include squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma.',
        'Where is Zimbabwe? Zimbabwe lies between the Limpopo and Zambezi rivers in south central Africa. It is bounded by Zambia (797km) in the north and northwest, by South Africa (225km) in the south by Mozambique(1 231km) in the east and north-east, and by Botswana (813km)in the south-west. It has no coastline and is totally landlocked.',
        'Understanding Oral Lichen Planus. Oral lichen planus can occur anywhere inside the mouth, but is usually seen on the inside of the cheeks and appears as thin white lines, patches, or dots. It is most common between the ages of 30 and 60. While it appears in about one to two percent of the population, women get oral lichen planus twice as often as men.',
    ]
)
# [{'corpus_id': ..., 'score': ...}, {'corpus_id': ..., 'score': ...}, ...]

Evaluation

Metrics

Cross Encoder Reranking

• Datasets: NanoMSMARCO_R100, NanoNFCorpus_R100 and NanoNQ_R100
• Evaluated with CrossEncoderRerankingEvaluator with these parameters:

  {
      "at_k": 10,
      "always_rerank_positives": true
  }
  

Metric	NanoMSMARCO_R100	NanoNFCorpus_R100	NanoNQ_R100
map	0.5585 (+0.0689)	0.3318 (+0.0708)	0.6943 (+0.2747)
mrr@10	0.5533 (+0.0758)	0.5174 (+0.0175)	0.7187 (+0.2920)
ndcg@10	0.6413 (+0.1009)	0.3979 (+0.0728)	0.7395 (+0.2388)

Cross Encoder Nano BEIR

• Dataset: NanoBEIR_R100_mean
• Evaluated with CrossEncoderNanoBEIREvaluator with these parameters:

  {
      "dataset_names": [
          "msmarco",
          "nfcorpus",
          "nq"
      ],
      "rerank_k": 100,
      "at_k": 10,
      "always_rerank_positives": true
  }
  

Metric	Value
map	0.5282 (+0.1381)
mrr@10	0.5964 (+0.1284)
ndcg@10	0.5929 (+0.1375)

Training Details

Training Dataset

msmarco

• Dataset: msmarco at 88847c6
• Size: 1,990,000 training samples
• Columns: query, passage, and score
• Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:

  	query	passage	score
  type	string	string	float
  details	min: 10 characters mean: 34.4 characters max: 200 characters	min: 88 characters mean: 344.88 characters max: 935 characters	min: 0.0 mean: 0.48 max: 1.0

• Samples:

  query	passage	score
  who is erin anderson?	Erin Anderson is an actress and writer, known for Kittens in a Cage (2015), The Mysteries of Laura (2014) and Insidious: Chapter 3 (2015).	1.0
  how long is a food handlers permit good for in california	If you would like to get your California Food Handler card you will need to successfully pass an approved Food Safety for Handlers course. For how long is the California Food Handler card valid? The California Food Handler card is valid throughout most of the state and is valid for three years from issuance. Each food establishment or business must have records documenting that each of its employees has a valid California Food Handler card that can be provided to local enforcement officials upon request.	1.0
  matagorda tx is in what county	Matagorda is an unincorporated community in Matagorda County, Texas, United States. It had a population of approximately 710 in 2000. Matagorda is at the end of State Highway 60 and beginning of Farm to Market Road 2031, which runs over the Intracoastal Waterway and south to the Gulf of Mexico. The area is popular for fishing and beach activities. The Matagorda Independent School District serves area students.	1.0

• Loss: BinaryCrossEntropyLoss with these parameters:

  {
      "activation_fct": "torch.nn.modules.linear.Identity",
      "pos_weight": null
  }
  

Evaluation Dataset

msmarco

• Dataset: msmarco at 88847c6
• Size: 10,000 evaluation samples
• Columns: query, passage, and score
• Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:

  	query	passage	score
  type	string	string	float
  details	min: 7 characters mean: 33.41 characters max: 114 characters	min: 52 characters mean: 346.04 characters max: 892 characters	min: 0.0 mean: 0.5 max: 1.0

• Samples:

  query	passage	score
  cost to repair a manifold gasket	Parts. The cost of the parts required to repair or replace your intake manifold gasket ranges from $25 to $100 in 2010, according to RepairPal, depending on the year and make of your car. This range applies if you have a 2005 Ford Taurus or a 2011 BMW 750Li.	1.0
  what county is salisbury missouri in	The St. Louis County, Missouri sales tax is 7.11% , consisting of 4.23% Missouri state sales tax and 2.89% St. Louis County local sales taxes.The local sales tax consists of a 1.64% county sales tax and a 1.25% special district sales tax (used to fund transportation districts, local attractions, etc). St. Louis County Missouri Sales Tax Exemptions.	0.0
  what is life expectancy for someone with lung cancer	The two general types of lung cancer include: Small cell lung cancer. Small cell lung cancer occurs almost exclusively in heavy smokers and is less common than non-small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer is an umbrella term for several types of lung cancers that behave in a similar way. Non-small cell lung cancers include squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma.	0.0

• Loss: BinaryCrossEntropyLoss with these parameters:

  {
      "activation_fct": "torch.nn.modules.linear.Identity",
      "pos_weight": null
  }
  

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

• eval_strategy: steps
• per_device_train_batch_size: 16
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
• learning_rate: 2e-05
• num_train_epochs: 1
• warmup_ratio: 0.1
• seed: 12
• bf16: True
• dataloader_num_workers: 4
• load_best_model_at_end: True

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

• overwrite_output_dir: False
• do_predict: False
• eval_strategy: steps
• prediction_loss_only: True
• per_device_train_batch_size: 16
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
• per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
• per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
• gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
• eval_accumulation_steps: None
• torch_empty_cache_steps: None
• learning_rate: 2e-05
• weight_decay: 0.0
• adam_beta1: 0.9
• adam_beta2: 0.999
• adam_epsilon: 1e-08
• max_grad_norm: 1.0
• num_train_epochs: 1
• max_steps: -1
• lr_scheduler_type: linear
• lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
• warmup_ratio: 0.1
• warmup_steps: 0
• log_level: passive
• log_level_replica: warning
• log_on_each_node: True
• logging_nan_inf_filter: True
• save_safetensors: True
• save_on_each_node: False
• save_only_model: False
• restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
• no_cuda: False
• use_cpu: False
• use_mps_device: False
• seed: 12
• data_seed: None
• jit_mode_eval: False
• use_ipex: False
• bf16: True
• fp16: False
• fp16_opt_level: O1
• half_precision_backend: auto
• bf16_full_eval: False
• fp16_full_eval: False
• tf32: None
• local_rank: 0
• ddp_backend: None
• tpu_num_cores: None
• tpu_metrics_debug: False
• debug: []
• dataloader_drop_last: False
• dataloader_num_workers: 4
• dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
• past_index: -1
• disable_tqdm: False
• remove_unused_columns: True
• label_names: None
• load_best_model_at_end: True
• ignore_data_skip: False
• fsdp: []
• fsdp_min_num_params: 0
• fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
• fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
• accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
• deepspeed: None
• label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
• optim: adamw_torch
• optim_args: None
• adafactor: False
• group_by_length: False
• length_column_name: length
• ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
• ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
• ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
• dataloader_pin_memory: True
• dataloader_persistent_workers: False
• skip_memory_metrics: True
• use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
• push_to_hub: False
• resume_from_checkpoint: None
• hub_model_id: None
• hub_strategy: every_save
• hub_private_repo: None
• hub_always_push: False
• gradient_checkpointing: False
• gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
• include_inputs_for_metrics: False
• include_for_metrics: []
• eval_do_concat_batches: True
• fp16_backend: auto
• push_to_hub_model_id: None
• push_to_hub_organization: None
• mp_parameters:
• auto_find_batch_size: False
• full_determinism: False
• torchdynamo: None
• ray_scope: last
• ddp_timeout: 1800
• torch_compile: False
• torch_compile_backend: None
• torch_compile_mode: None
• dispatch_batches: None
• split_batches: None
• include_tokens_per_second: False
• include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
• neftune_noise_alpha: None
• optim_target_modules: None
• batch_eval_metrics: False
• eval_on_start: False
• use_liger_kernel: False
• eval_use_gather_object: False
• average_tokens_across_devices: False
• prompts: None
• batch_sampler: batch_sampler
• multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss	Validation Loss	NanoMSMARCO_R100_ndcg@10	NanoNFCorpus_R100_ndcg@10	NanoNQ_R100_ndcg@10	NanoBEIR_R100_mean_ndcg@10
-1	-1	-	-	0.0463 (-0.4941)	0.2098 (-0.1153)	0.0229 (-0.4777)	0.0930 (-0.3624)
0.0000	1	0.6924	-	-	-	-	-
0.0322	4000	0.4573	-	-	-	-	-
0.0643	8000	0.2515	-	-	-	-	-
0.0804	10000	-	0.2219	0.6264 (+0.0860)	0.3713 (+0.0463)	0.7032 (+0.2026)	0.5670 (+0.1116)
0.0965	12000	0.2335	-	-	-	-	-
0.1286	16000	0.2294	-	-	-	-	-
0.1608	20000	0.2172	0.2071	0.5972 (+0.0568)	0.3913 (+0.0662)	0.6825 (+0.1818)	0.5570 (+0.1016)
0.1930	24000	0.2086	-	-	-	-	-
0.2251	28000	0.2075	-	-	-	-	-
0.2412	30000	-	0.1947	0.6298 (+0.0893)	0.3858 (+0.0608)	0.7129 (+0.2123)	0.5762 (+0.1208)
0.2573	32000	0.2015	-	-	-	-	-
0.2894	36000	0.2003	-	-	-	-	-
0.3216	40000	0.1976	0.1759	0.6333 (+0.0929)	0.3757 (+0.0506)	0.7058 (+0.2052)	0.5716 (+0.1162)
0.3538	44000	0.1945	-	-	-	-	-
0.3859	48000	0.1881	-	-	-	-	-
0.4020	50000	-	0.1735	0.6267 (+0.0862)	0.3752 (+0.0502)	0.7417 (+0.2410)	0.5812 (+0.1258)
0.4181	52000	0.1875	-	-	-	-	-
0.4503	56000	0.1875	-	-	-	-	-
0.4824	60000	0.1836	0.1726	0.5941 (+0.0537)	0.3915 (+0.0665)	0.7071 (+0.2064)	0.5642 (+0.1089)
0.5146	64000	0.179	-	-	-	-	-
0.5467	68000	0.178	-	-	-	-	-
0.5628	70000	-	0.1622	0.6245 (+0.0841)	0.3920 (+0.0669)	0.7220 (+0.2213)	0.5795 (+0.1241)
0.5789	72000	0.1791	-	-	-	-	-
0.6111	76000	0.1759	-	-	-	-	-
0.6432	80000	0.1775	0.1661	0.6413 (+0.1009)	0.3979 (+0.0728)	0.7395 (+0.2388)	0.5929 (+0.1375)
0.6754	84000	0.1724	-	-	-	-	-
0.7075	88000	0.1714	-	-	-	-	-
0.7236	90000	-	0.1684	0.6535 (+0.1131)	0.3780 (+0.0529)	0.7460 (+0.2454)	0.5925 (+0.1371)
0.7397	92000	0.165	-	-	-	-	-
0.7719	96000	0.1678	-	-	-	-	-
0.8040	100000	0.1673	0.1497	0.6461 (+0.1056)	0.3637 (+0.0387)	0.7306 (+0.2300)	0.5801 (+0.1248)
0.8362	104000	0.1644	-	-	-	-	-
0.8683	108000	0.1617	-	-	-	-	-
0.8844	110000	-	0.1513	0.6767 (+0.1363)	0.3674 (+0.0424)	0.7340 (+0.2334)	0.5927 (+0.1373)
0.9005	112000	0.1605	-	-	-	-	-
0.9327	116000	0.1667	-	-	-	-	-
0.9648	120000	0.1624	0.1474	0.6530 (+0.1126)	0.3671 (+0.0420)	0.7412 (+0.2406)	0.5871 (+0.1317)
0.9970	124000	0.1608	-	-	-	-	-
-1	-1	-	-	0.6413 (+0.1009)	0.3979 (+0.0728)	0.7395 (+0.2388)	0.5929 (+0.1375)

• The bold row denotes the saved checkpoint.

Environmental Impact

Carbon emissions were measured using CodeCarbon.

• Energy Consumed: 0.638 kWh
• Carbon Emitted: 0.248 kg of CO2
• Hours Used: 2.404 hours

Training Hardware

• On Cloud: No
• GPU Model: 1 x NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090
• CPU Model: 13th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-13700K
• RAM Size: 31.78 GB

Framework Versions

• Python: 3.11.6
• Sentence Transformers: 3.5.0.dev0
• Transformers: 4.49.0
• PyTorch: 2.6.0+cu124
• Accelerate: 1.4.0
• Datasets: 3.3.2
• Tokenizers: 0.21.0

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}