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SCOPUS_ID:85105966015
|
‘It’s time we invested in stronger borders’: media representations of refugees crossing the English Channel by boat
|
Refugees crossing the Mediterranean Sea in small boats has become a common sight in the media, particularly since the so-called ‘refugee crisis’ in 2015. The number of boats crossing the English Channel between the French and UK coasts has been increasing as other migration routes have been closed down. This article reports the findings of a discourse analysis of 96 UK newspaper articles published in December 2018 when the daily crossings were referred to as a ‘major crisis’. Adopting a broadly critical discursive psychology perspective, we identify the use of three main interpretative repertoires used within the media reporting. Firstly, a ‘secure the borders’ repertoire which positions the UK’s borders as porous and easily breached, secondly, a ‘smuggling is immoral’ repertoire which works to position smugglers as to blame for the current ‘crisis’ and removes responsibility for the crisis from the Government, and finally, a ‘desperate people’ repertoire which worked to position the refugees themselves as vulnerable and in need of protection, but also as people who will engage in risky behaviours. We suggest that the use of these repertoires ultimately functions to obscure the need for safe and legal migration routes to the UK.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Representation Learning"
] |
[
71,
72,
12
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85060932254
|
‘I’m happy, and I’m passing. That’s all that matters!’: exploring discourses of university academic success through linguistic analysis
|
‘Student success’ is a key driver in higher education policy and funding. Institutions often adopt a particular lens of success, emphasising ‘retention and completion’, ‘high grades’, ‘employability after graduation’ discourses, which place high value on human capital or fiscal outcomes. We explored how students themselves articulated notions of success to understand how these meanings aligned with the implicit value system perpetuated by neoliberal higher education systems. Qualitative data collected from 240 survey responses in the first phase of a study, were analysed using Appraisal, a linguistic framework to systematically categorise evaluative language choices. This article focuses on questions eliciting students’ articulations of success. Neoliberal discourses were challenged by these students, who were first-in-family at university, with success expressed in a personal and generational sense rather than solely meritocratic terms.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85042072300
|
‘I’ve got a very dichotomous difference in the way that I perceive myself’: Positive and negative constructions of body image following cancer treatment
|
This study investigated how women constructed body image following cancer. Four women, aged 32–67 years, who had experienced breast or bowel cancer took part in a 2-hour, in-depth focus group. Discourse analysis revealed that women orientated to positive aspects of the post-treatment body (silhouette, trust, acceptance) while acknowledging that their experiences were also traumatic (hair loss, scarring, sickness, swelling). Bodies and illness were concealed from public judgment, and women developed new trust in their bodies due to overcoming cancer; post-cancer bodies were accepted despite opportunities for normalisation. Implications for those wanting to support women during and after cancer are discussed.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Visual Data in NLP",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
20,
72,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84933567864
|
‘Jew Age’ among Israeli celebs: Jewish spirituality as discourse of citizenship
|
During the past few decades, the decline in citizenship solidarity and legitimacy within democracies has been under debate. This crisis has been brought about by empowered separatist identity-politics. With a unique approach in mind, using narrative discourse analysis of 12 interviews with Israeli celebrities, this study reveals a new model of inclusive discourse of citizenship. By publicly sharing their personal stories and political ideas, and using their public images as role models in the national consensus, the celebrities act as agents of political discursive change. They express disappointment in celebrity life and separatist, Israeli, identity-politics, and, in reaction, formulate an alternative construction of the concept of citizenship, one that is based upon their personal, spiritual story and ‘Jew Age’ identity. By redefining Israeli-ness on a common, spiritual basis, the celebrities are forging an inclusive, democratic discourse of citizenship, which combines both primordial-local, Jewish, communal traditions, and global, western-orientated, New Age culture. This article thus offers a new perspective on the relations between celebrity politics, contemporary spirituality, and citizenship studies, by re-examining the ability of contemporary democracies to create a reliable and inclusive concept of citizenship, under post-secular, identity politics, through celebrity action in civil society as discourse agents.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85149955197
|
‘Joking aside’ The power of rejections in humour
|
Response is an effective tool for exercising power in humour, since it can make a person seem funny. In the same way, the lack of response can make a person seem unfunny. In this article I argue that failed jokes make a female skiing pundit on TV seem humourless and that this is due to the other interlocutors refraining from giving adequate responses. The material is from a sports programme about cross-country skiing on Swedish Television. The aim of the case study is to find out how power is exercised discursively in humour that fails and to discuss possible implications the rejections may have on notions of gender. The theoretical framework used is a feminist post-structuralist discourse analysis in combination with an analysis of internal and external control mechanisms. The discursive practice of repeated rejections of the female pundit may have consequences for her possibilities in seeming humorous.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85019701877
|
‘Just Say No’: public dissent over sexuality education and the Canadian national imaginary
|
Scholars of sexuality have argued that ‘moral panics’ about sexuality often stand in for broader conflicts over nationality and belonging. Canada has spent decades cultivating a national image founded on multiculturalism and democratic equality. The Ontario sexuality education curriculum introduced in 2015 drew audible condemnation from a variety of groups. Drawing from Critical Discourse Analysis and Critical Race Theory, we argue that the public discourse surrounding these protests exposed the limits of Canadian pluralism, fuelling a meta-debate about the ‘Canadianness’ of recent immigrants and the incompatibility of liberal values with those of non-Westerners, especially Muslims. We explain this in terms of contextual factors such as Ontario’s publicly funded Catholic school system and anti-Muslim xenophobia in the post-9/11 era. Our analysis speaks to the importance of intersectional social justice efforts as part of the movement for comprehensive sex education.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85134191772
|
‘Just accept each other, while the rest of the world doesn’t’ –teachers’ reflections on multilingual education
|
Research suggests that in linguistically and socially diverse classrooms, teachers should draw on their students’ multilingual repertoires. Although several approaches to use students’ home languages exist, the accessibility of this knowledge among teachers is still limited. Recently, a holistic approach has been put forward to address the needs of teachers in navigating the jungle of available knowledge. Within two projects in the Netherlands the approach was tested to develop multilingual approaches. Using data from vignettes applied after a two-year intervention period, this paper first explores knowledge, attitudes and skills developed by the participating teachers on implementing forms of multilingual education. Next, it analyses interaction data by applying a critical discourse analysis to filter out how othering strategies occur when teachers refer to their linguistically and culturally diverse students. The results show that the teachers mostly hold enhancing attitudes, particularly in terms of using the students’ home languages in class, while othering strategies towards multilingual students only rarely occur. This may highlight the importance of professional development for teachers-in-duty, and allows for valuable insights also for other schools who wish to engage in multilingual education.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Multilinguality"
] |
[
71,
72,
0
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84954384377
|
‘Just choose the easy option’: students talk about alcohol use and social influence
|
Previous research into young people’s drinking behaviour has studied how social practices influence their actions and how they negotiate drinking-related identities. Here, adopting the perspective of discursive psychology we examine how, for young people, social influences are bound up with issues of drinking and of identity. We conducted 19 focus groups with undergraduate students in Australia aged between 18 and 24 years. Thematic analysis of participants’ accounts for why they drink or do not drink was used to identify passages of talk that referred to social influence, paying particular attention to terms such as ‘pressure’ and ‘choice’. These passages were then analysed in fine-grained detail, using discourse analysis, to study how participants accounted for social influence. Participants treated their behaviour as accountable and produced three forms of account that: (1) minimised the choice available to them, (2) explained drinking as culture and (3) described resisting peer pressure. They also negotiated gendered social dynamics related to drinking. These forms of account allowed the participants to avoid individual responsibility for drinking or not drinking. These findings demonstrate that the effects of social influence on young people’s drinking behaviour cannot be assumed, as social influence itself becomes negotiable within local contexts of talk about drinking.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85128673172
|
‘Just like us’: community radio broadcasters and the on-air performance of community identity
|
The ‘community’ of community media has long been a contentious question in the field. Given the wide range of interpretations of community and the ongoing fragmentation of media audiences, it has never been more important for community media to define and delineate their audiences. One approach to this is developing and maintaining a sense of mediatized community identity through content production. Community identity represents an under-researched area in community media studies. While community media audiences and broadcasters have themselves been the subject of research, how a sense of community identity is created through content production is less understood. This article details a critical discourse analysis of programming from ten different community radio stations within the same geographic location. The findings of this research reveal the very different approaches that stations take to developing a mediatized community identity. Several stations approach identity expression by engaging in overt performances of ‘localness’, while the growing influence of commercialization was also observed among many stations. What this research highlights is that the performance of community identity on community radio is integral in shaping the listening communities, as well as delineating community radio from its commercial and state-run counterparts.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85061027284
|
‘Knocking on doors that never open’: examining discourses of rejected asylum seekers from Kosova
|
To address the dearth of repatriation research coming out of Global South countries and question the adoption of repatriation as a sustainable solution to migration crisis, this qualitative study examined the repatriation experiences of rejected asylum seekers from Kosova. Grounded in postcolonial theories and through a Critical Discourse Analysis of interviews with rejected asylum seekers, the study examined dominant discourses which shape the repatriation process in Kosova. Interview findings identify a major, overarching discourse which constructs an exclusive EU, one that is superior to Kosova and although desirable, an almost impossible destination for Kosovars to reach. These findings illustrate that the European Union-Kosova power imbalance and the pervasiveness of the EU as ‘exclusive’ discourse is crucial in shaping experiences of repatriation and the identities of Kosovar rejected asylum seekers. Moreover, this study adds to the body of existing repatriation literature and provides important implications for reparation policies as well as practice with return migrants.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84922417490
|
‘Knowledge is power’? A Lacanian entanglement with political ideology in education
|
This paper explores the possibilities for critical policy analysis afforded by Lacanian discourse theory, with its emphasis on the unconscious and the agency of the letter, and considers its significance for critical policy analysis in education, in ways that complement and supplement the insights of post-structuralist discourse theory. To explore these possibilities, the paper examines the fantasies residing in neoliberal education policy’s vision of the knowledge economy, before focusing on a Lacanian analysis of the ideologies of knowledge and power manifested in the US KIPP (Knowledge is Power) charter school network, in order to think about how neoliberalism’s obsession with knowledge as control and mastery might be unsettled by what Lacan called ‘the sublimity of stupidity’ – by engagement with a psychoanalytic epistemology that recognizes how conscious knowledge may be interrupted by the unknowing of the unconscious and that places neoliberal regimes of knowledge in a dialectical relationship with non-knowledge, ignorance, stupidity and desire.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
71,
72,
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85110887720
|
‘Language hackers’: YouTube polyglots as representative figures of language learning in late capitalism
|
YouTube polyglots are an online community whose origin can be traced to the late 2000s, when language learning forums and YouTube videos of language learning enthusiasts began appearing online. This article draws on critical discourse analysis to examine the discourses of language learning that are manifest in polyglot videos and websites. It also situates this online community and their conception of language learning in the historical context of the transition from Fordism to post-Fordism, a period marked by intense technological acceleration, rapid social change and the commodification of lifestyles in the global marketplace of the internet. As representative figures of this period, polyglots turn to discourses that are suffused with tropes of speed and other related values such as efficiency, entrepreneurialism and individuality. They see language as an individual skill, rather than as a social practice, and language learning as a personal endeavor guided by productivity.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Visual Data in NLP",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
20,
72,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84992398685
|
‘Language is our rubicon’: Friedrich max müller’s quarrel with hensleigh wedgwood
|
The paper analyses Max Müller’s criticism of the imitative theory of language upheld by the English philologist Hensleigh Wedgwood (1803-1891) and later endorsed by Charles Darwin in The Descent of Man. By recalling Müller’s and Wedgwood’s theoretical backgrounds and epistemological aims, it argues that their disagreement was more apparent than real, reflecting two different concepts of imitation: imitation as a strictly human capability for Wedgwood and as a broad cross-species behaviour for Max Müller, who critically foresaw the evolutionist challenge to the alleged uniqueness of human language. Darwin used Wedgwood’s theory of imitation in order to demonstrate an evolutionary continuity between humans and non-human animals, thus confirming Müller’s worries and partially betraying Wedgwood’s own beliefs.
|
[
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84919766892
|
‘Learning Disabilities’ as a ‘Black Box’: On the Different Conceptions and Constructions of a Popular Clinical Entity in Israel
|
This article aims to stimulate new thinking about learning disabilities than is customary in local literature. Previous educational and psychological studies concerning learning disabilities regarded them as if they were objective categories with formal definitions and criteria accepted in scholarly literature. Contrary to that, this article explores the various conceptions, constructions, and meanings of learning disabilities that comprise the narrative descriptions and explanations of didactic diagnosticians. For this purpose, 50 in-depth interviews were conducted. There are four sections. Part One lays out the theoretical and methodological background of the sociological and discursive debate about learning disabilities. Part Two explores the various main thematic aspects and narrative strategies that were used by the diagnosticians in their construction of their purportedly ‘objective’, ‘a-historical’, ‘a-political’ experts’ narrative. The third part reveals the polyphonic multifaceted nature of the learning disabilities construct. The experts’ narrative undermines the objective and homogeneous definitions in the literature by uncovering learning disabilities’ heterogeneous meaning repertoire. This repertoire consists, among others, of conceptualizing disability as a ‘disease’, a ‘symptom’, a ‘genetic defect’, a ‘disorder’, an ‘educational difficulty’, a ‘variance’, and even a ‘gift’. This part also reveals the experts’ narrative reaction strategies to the aforementioned polyphonic spectacle. It is revealed that the interviewees’ narrative deconstructs the ‘scientific factual nature’ of the clinical categories. The fourth part highlights a central paradox in the expert narrative: The tension between the narrative stigmatic—labeling aspects and the destigmatic—‘liberating’ aspects. The claim is made that this tension can partly explain the current popularity of the LD diagnosis. This article is the third in a series of papers that seeks to contribute to the creation of a more nuanced disability discourse by exposing its shaky scientific foundations.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Ethical NLP",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP"
] |
[
71,
72,
17,
4
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84980370527
|
‘Legislative frame representation’: towards an empirical account of the deliberative systems approach
|
The systemic approach to deliberative democracy is an empirically underexplored topic. Since ‘classic’ micro indicators for deliberation are at loggerheads with the idea of distributed deliberation, appropriate assessment techniques for large-scale public deliberation are few and far between. This paper aims at exploring a novel pathway into the empirical translations of the deliberative systems approach, using discourse content and the representation of policy frames in the legislature. I argue that legislative frame representation (LFR) is a crucial indicator for the level of sub-systemic deliberative uptake and policy responsiveness. Next to the necessary theoretical and methodological work, the results of an explorative case study for the immigration discourse in the US and Canada are presented. The results indicate that there are considerable differences in the systems’ capacities to take up discourses from civil society and that LFR can be an important tool to explore deliberative systems empirically.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Representation Learning"
] |
[
71,
72,
12
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85118120772
|
‘Let Us Work Together’– Insights from an Experiment with Conversational Agents on the Relation of Anthropomorphic Design, Dialog Support, and Performance
|
In the human interaction with CAs, research has shown that elements of persuasive system design, such as praise, are perceived differently when compared to traditional graphical interfaces. In this experimental study, we will extend our knowledge regarding the relation of persuasiveness (namely dialog support), anthropomorphically designed CAs, and task performance. Within a three-conditions-between-subjects design, two instances of the CA are applied within an online experiment with 120 participants. Our results show that anthropomorphically designed CAs increase perceived dialog support and performance but adding persuasive design elements can be counterproductive. Thus, the results are embedded in the discourse of CA design for task support.
|
[
"Natural Language Interfaces",
"Dialogue Systems & Conversational Agents"
] |
[
11,
38
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85009959933
|
‘Let's think about it together:’ how teachers differentiate discourse to mediate collaboration among linguistically diverse students
|
As linguistic diversity is increasing in schools worldwide, research is needed to examine how to modify teaching and learning contexts in response to emerging multilingual students’ different needs. Grounded in sociocultural theory, this study examined how teachers used discourse differently to respond to diverse students’ needs as they participated in a language programme that brought together multicompetent language users, Spanish-expert students learning English, and English-expert students learning Spanish in secondary school. Analysing transcripts of student and teacher interactions, we identified discursive patterns that teachers used to mediate multilingual language-learning opportunities, to raise language awareness, and to cultivate a collective zone of proximal development in a linguistically diverse context. Findings shed light on the ways that teachers use languaging and translanguaging as mediational tools to gauge and respond to students’ needs, while drawing upon students’ funds of knowledge to deepen multilingual and multidirectional language-learning opportunities. Our findings have implications for how educators can differentiate their discourse/instruction to support students’ multilingualism and ultimately increase language-learning opportunities among linguistically diverse students.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Multilinguality"
] |
[
71,
72,
0
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85029690245
|
‘Let’s make a little drum’: limitations and contradictory effects of cultural approaches in Indigenous education
|
Initiatives to improve low levels of educational attainment amongst Indigenous students in the Canadian Prairies have long emphasized cultural approaches and ignored how racism affects achievement. Taking up the debates offered by critical race theory, and utilizing post-structural theorizing of knowledge and subjectivities, this article provides a discourse analysis of educators’ contradictory deployments of cultural discourses. The analysis highlights the inadequacy of cultural narratives for explaining the inequality experienced by Indigenous students. I show how naming racism in schools is difficult for teachers because cultural integration efforts are taken as evidence that equality is being achieved, and I trace the ways in which this leads to the naturalization of schooling exclusions and unequal subjectivities. Readers are brought to rethink the integration of Indigenous culture in schools as a singular pathway to student success, and the importance of centering race and racism.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85101519174
|
‘Level up your money game’: an analysis of gamification discourse in financial services
|
The idea of gamification, or implementation of game-like elements and mechanisms in non-game contexts, has, throughout the past decade, swept the fields of healthcare and fitness as well as education. More recently, various tech writers, bloggers, and consultants have begun proposing gamification as a solution also in financial services, where gamification has already made headway, for instance, with day trading apps that simplify trading and turn it into a real-time game. In this paper, we examine the emerging discourse of finance gamification and situate it in the expectational dynamics and performative struggles that shape technological developments in finance and the FinTech industry. We argue that the discourse creates positional uncertainty among finance incumbents by linking the notion of a generational wealth transfer to narratives about generational change. Tech writers, consultants and journalists neutralize this uncertainty by propagating a model of human nature, which may be ‘tapped into’ and harnessed with games to rationalize subjects’ financial behavior. However, despite finance gamification’s promises to democratize finance and empower small-time investors by extending access to financial markets, we argue that, in the end, the discourse on finance gamification reinforces the ‘observational boundaries’ between finance and society.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85143400278
|
‘Listen to your fear’: how fear discourse (re)produces gendered sexual subjectivities
|
This article explores the interrelations between gender and fear, based on the hypothesis of sexual fear being produced as a feminised emotion in discourse. Empirical analyses of historically contingent constructions of sexual fears from 1961–2021 in the advice pages of the popular German youth magazine Bravo show how fear has been produced as a central technique governing feminine sexuality, by far surmounting the importance of either feminine love or desire. The results point to historically specific constructions of feminised sexual dangers, developing from premarital pregnancy in the 1960s, emotional suffering because of premature coitus in the 1980s and 1990s, to digitalised sexual practices in the 21st century. Feminised constructions of sexual risks and fears render feminine subjects as passive, vulnerable and in need of protection while simultaneously producing masculine subjects as actively sex seeking and potentially dangerous. The results also indicate that discursive delegitimisation of feminine sexual fear may equally contribute to re-establishing sexual inequality by pressuring girls to be sexually available. I argue, therefore, that it is not sufficient to analyse constructions of gendered subjects as being either fearful or fearless. Instead, the reconstruction of discursive model practices governing subjects to manage sexual fears is key to disentangling the complex nexus of gender and fear. The investigation of historical transformations of sexual fear discourses contributes to tracing both dynamics and continuities in gendered power relations, thereby illustrating the central role of fear in classic sociological research themes of inequality and power relations.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85032817195
|
‘Listening’ to dyslexic children’s reading: The transcription and segmentation accuracy for ASR
|
Dyslexic children read with a lot of highly phonetically similar error that is a challenge for speech recognition (ASR). Listening to the highly phonetically similar errors are indeed difficult even for a human. To enable a computer to ‘listen’ to dyslexic children’s reading is even more challenging as we have to ‘teach’ the computers to recognize the readings as well as to adapt to the highly phonetically similar errors they make when reading. This is even more difficult when segmenting and labelling the read speech for processing prior to training an ASR. Hence, this paper presents and discusses the effects of highly phonetically similar errors on automatic transcription and segmentation accuracy and how it is somehow influenced by the spoken pronunciations. A number of 585 files of dyslexic children’s reading is used for manual transcription, force alignment, and training. The recognition of ASR engine using automatic transcription and phonetic labelling obtained an optimum result, which is with 23.9% WER and 18.1% FAR. The results are almost similar with ASR engine using manual transcription 23.7% WER and 17.9% FAR.
|
[
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Syntactic Text Processing",
"Text Generation",
"Phonetics",
"Speech Recognition",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
70,
15,
47,
64,
10,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84942944543
|
‘LiveJournal Libra!’: The political blogosphere and voting preferences in Russia in 2011–2012
|
This study explores relationship between the Internet and the Russian national election of 2011–2012. In contrast to other studies, we focus on the blogosphere as a political factor. Our conclusions are based on a study of the LiveJournal blogging platform represented by a sample of political posts from the top 2000 bloggers for 13-week-long periods. Sampling from the population of about 180,000 posts was performed automatically with a topic modelling algorithm, while the analysis of the resulting 3690 texts was carried out manually by five coders. We found that the most influential Russian blogs perform the role of a media ‘stronghold’ of the political opposition. Moreover, we established a relationship between the weekly pre-election ratings of the opposition parties and presidential candidates and the indicators of political activity in the blogosphere. Our results cautiously suggest that political activity on the Internet is not simply an online projection of offline political activity: it can itself provoke activity in offline political life.
|
[
"Topic Modeling",
"Information Extraction & Text Mining"
] |
[
9,
3
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84930692846
|
‘Look who’s talking now’: A taxonomy of speakers in single-turn political discourse
|
The aim of this article is to propose a taxonomy of speakers from a socio-pragmatic perspective by taking an original approach to the study of single-turn political discourse, that is, political speeches, rather than debates, interviews or press conferences. This limitation on the scope of the study stems from the fact that the categorisation advanced is not concerned with turn-taking, but concentrates on the speaker’s use of other voices in his/her representation of reality. Thus, a clear distinction is made between the speaker and the sayer, namely the original speaker whose words are reported, or rather creatively reconstructed, by the current speaker ‘here and now’. The taxomony comprises a number of categories employed strategically by the current speaker in the service of different objectives. The speaker categories are inherently limited due to a single principle of categorisation: the form of the report. The singular speaker is the default type which enables the speaker to present himself/herself as an individual as well as his/her attitudes, values and beliefs, while the collective speaker enhances the speaker’s belonging to a group and allows him/her to speak on behalf of its members. The sayer categories, by contrast, are more varied due to three independent principles of categorisation: the form of the report, the genuineness of the sayer’s utterance and the number of accounts embedded in the narrating event. The approach taken to the analysis of the narrative passages that involve the proposed speaker types owes much to Chilton’s Discourse Space Theory and is concerned with conceptualisation of the speaker’s representation of events from chosen perspective(s). The corpus of speeches selected to investigate and illustrate individual categories consists of over 80 political speeches delivered by three Democratic American Presidents: John Kennedy, William Clinton and Barack Obama.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
72,
70,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85127252118
|
‘Making Strange’: Discourse Analysis Tools for Teaching Critical Development Studies
|
Critical development studies require not just a critical attitude, but also usable tools. This article suggests some forms of discourse analysis that can add substance to critical development studies’ aspirations and that can yet be learnt and used by students without specialist background. Central are tools for ‘making strange’ (defamiliarization), so that we view both texts and social realities in a fresh independent way and start to discern better their blindspots, and our own. The article presents accessible yet helpful forms of text analysis, argumentation analysis and content analysis that contribute in required processes of defamiliarization and reconstruction.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Argument Mining",
"Reasoning",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
60,
8,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85122674121
|
‘May I do something for you?’: The effects of audio-visual material (captioned and non-captioned) on EFL pragmatic learning
|
The present study deals with the effect of audio-visual material for second language (L2) pragmatic learning in the foreign language classroom. More specifically, it analyzes whether being exposed to captioned and non-captioned input in an experimental condition entailing no instruction on pragmatics might have any influence on the learners’ pragmatic performance. To this aim, two intact classes (N = 31) of learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) at a B1 level were exposed to videos with captions and without captions, respectively. Before and after watching the videos, all the students were asked to carry out a role-play task with situations like those in the videos. A mixed-methods approach was used to analyze the learners’ performance in terms of types and number of strategies to perform speech acts (quantitative) and in terms of pragmatic appropriateness (qualitative). Findings show that both groups used more polite strategies after watching the videos, regardless of the captioned/non-captioned condition, which seems to confirm the contribution of audio-visual material for the learning of the L2 pragmatics in an incidental way. Concerning pragmatic appropriateness, we found that learners in the captioned condition produced more pragmalinguistically appropriate role-plays than learners in the non-captioned condition, thus suggesting a positive effect of captioned material on the learning of the L2 pragmatics. Such results are discussed in relation to the few previous similar studies in the field.
|
[
"Visual Data in NLP",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Captioning",
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Text Generation",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
20,
72,
39,
70,
71,
47,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84949214700
|
‘Menacing youth’ and ‘broken families’: A critical discourse analysis of the reporting of the 2011 english riots in the Daily Express using moral panic theory
|
This paper utilises moral panic theory and critical discourse analysis to examine the coverage of the 2011 English riots in the British newspaper, the Daily Express. Findings show that the Daily Express drew on two previous moral panics concerning youngsters and family life to diagnose the riots as a consequence of youth criminality and poor parenting. The newspaper identified young people as folk devils of the unrest by adopting discourses which vilified them, their behaviour and choice of clothing. Furthermore, the Daily Express exaggerated the severity of the disorder by describing it as war and mass murder to reinforce to its readers the supposed threat posed by young people to social relations. Additionally, the newspaper supported politicians who denied structural determinants as causes of the unrest and, instead, blamed micro issues including a decline in ‘traditional’ family life and morals and discipline among youngsters. While some suggest that folk devils are now defended by experts, the Daily Express gave column inches to expert commentators who also pinpointed young people and poor parenting as causes of the disorder. This paper proposes that future research on media coverage of social problems might, in addition to exploring whether the reporting of an issue identifies new anxieties and concerns, examine the extent to which media institutions draw on and modify discourses concerning previous and familiar social anxieties in order to interpret and frame a social problem.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
71,
72,
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85112802511
|
‘Mind your business and leave my rolls alone’: A case study of fat black women runner’s decolonial resistance
|
The Black female body has been vilified, surveilled, and viewed as ‘obese’ and irresponsible for centuries in Western societies. For just as long, some Black women have resisted their mischarac-terizations. Instead they have embraced a ‘fat’ identity. But little research has demonstrated how Black fat women participate in sport. The purpose of this study is to show how Black fat women who run use social media to unapologetically celebrate Blackness and fatness. This research uses a case-study approach to illuminate a broader phenomenon of decolonial resistance through running. In addition to analysis of websites, blogs, and news articles devoted to Black women’s running, we discuss the (social) media content of two specific runners: Mirna Valerio and Latoya Shauntay Snell. We performed a critical discourse analysis on 14 media offerings from the two runners, including websites, Twitter pages, and blogs collected over a five-month period from September 2020–January 2021. The analysis examined how they represent themselves and their communities and how they comment on issues of anti-fat bias, neoliberal capitalism, ableist sexism, and white supremacy, some of the pillars of colonialism. Whereas running is often positioned as a weight-loss-focused and white-dominated colonial project, through their very presence and use of strategic communication to amplify their experiences and build community, these runners show how being a Black fat female athlete is an act of decolonial resistance. This study offers a unique sporting example of how fat women challenge obesity discourses and cultural invisibility and how Black athletes communicate anti-racist, decolonial principles.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84988557192
|
‘Mixing’ and ‘Bending’: The recontextualisation of discourses of sustainability in integrated reporting
|
Since their emergence, discourses of sustainability have been widely resemioticised in different genres and have intertextually merged with other discourses and practices. This article examines the emergence of Integrated Reporting (IR) as a new hybrid genre in which, along with financial information, organisations may choose to report the social and environmental impacts of their activities in one single document. Specifically, this article analyses a selected sample of IRs produced by early adopters to explore how discourses of sustainability have been recontextualised into financial and economic macro discourses and how different intertextual/interdiscursive relations have played out in linguistic constructions of ‘sustainability’. We contend that, by and large, the term sustainability has been appropriated, mixed with other discourses and semantically ‘bent’ to construct the organisation itself as being financially sustainable, that is, viable and profitable and for the primary benefit of shareholders. From this stance, we argue that, through the hybridity of IR, most companies have primarily colonised discourses of sustainability for the rhetorical purpose of self-legitimation.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85106647880
|
‘More than words’ – Interpersonal communication, cognitive bias and diagnostic errors
|
During the diagnostic process, clinicians may make assumptions, prematurely judge or diagnose patients based on their appearance, their speech or how they are portrayed by other clinicians. Such judgements can be a major source of diagnostic error and are often linked to unconscious cognitive biases - faulty quick-fire thinking patterns that impact clinical reasoning. Patient safety is profoundly influenced by cognitive bias and language, i.e. how information is presented or gathered, and then synthesised by clinicians to form and communicate diagnostic decisions. Here, we discuss the intricate links between interpersonal communication, cognitive bias, and diagnostic error from a patient's, a linguist's and clinician's perspective. We propose that through patient engagement and applied health communication research, we can enhance our understanding of how the interplay of communication behaviours, biases and errors can impact upon the patient experience and diagnostic error. In doing so, we provide new avenues for collaborative diagnostic error research striving towards healthcare improvements and safer diagnosis.
|
[
"Ethical NLP",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP"
] |
[
17,
4
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85039766352
|
‘Ndifuna imeaning yakhe’: translingual morphology in English teaching in a South African township classroom
|
A Grade 4 English language teacher in a township school in Cape Town, South Africa, in her quest to equip learners with new target language resources, is not held back by the perceived boundaries dividing named languages. Instead she employs language in creative and goal-directed ways that we believe have not received enough focused linguistic attention in scholarship. While recognising the importance of research into code-switching, code-mixing and lexical borrowing among South Africa's indigenous languages, we draw on the work of functional linguists with an emphasis on the communicative function of linguistic signals and a de-emphasis on labelling languages. Central to this paper is the inchoative concept of translanguaging that is gaining ground in socio- and applied linguistics and aims at describing fluidity rather than reproducing established notions of separate languages. In township environments access to high-currency language resources (standard English) is often said to be absent due to teachers’ lack of linguistic and pedagogic capacity and schools’ lack of resources. Our main aim here is to focus on the presence of powerful language resources, rather than their absence, in such a highly scrutinised, purportedly deficient educational setting.
|
[
"Syntactic Text Processing",
"Morphology"
] |
[
15,
73
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85110184373
|
‘Never infuriate a creature that bleeds for successive seven days’: (un)supportive discourses of Chinese male netizens on dysmenorrhea
|
On Zhihu, China’s biggest social network platform for knowledge sharing, young male users are invited to put forward their experiences and suggestions on how to alleviate their partner’s menstrual pain. By means of thematic analysis and critical discourse analysis, this present study concentrates on the (un)supportive discourses of male netizens on dysmenorrhea and their implying gender ideologies. It finds out that Chinese young men to a certain extent have broken the restraint of traditional gender norms by offering tangible, emotional, and informational support for their partners. However, this kind of idealized male tenderness is still embedded in the problematic gender relations, and is a form of gender performativity informed by consumerism, neoliberalism, and the Confucian tradition. Moreover, a few discourses featuring male levity and misogyny indicate the dual nature of knowledge-sharing social networks, which imbue hidden gender issues with visibilities on the one hand and reproduce gender inequity on the other.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85148529787
|
‘New’ Dutch Civic Integration: learning ‘Spontaneous Compliance’ to address inherent difference
|
In January 2022 the new Dutch Civic Integration programme was launched together with promises of improvements it would bring in facilitating the ‘integration’ of newcomers to the Netherlands. This study presents a critical discourse analysis of texts intended for municipalities to take on their new coordinating role in this programme. The analysis aims to understand the discourse in the texts, which actors are mobilized by them, and the role these texts and these actors play in processes of governmental racialization. The analysis demonstrates shifting complex assemblages are brought into cascades of governance in which all actors are disciplined to accept the problem of integration as a problem of cultural difference and distance, and then furthermore disciplined to adopt new practices deemed necessary to identify and even ‘objectively’ measure the inherent traits contributing to this problematic. Lastly, the analysis displays that all actors are disciplined to accept the solution of ‘spontaneous compliance’; a series of practices and knowledges, which move the civic integration programme beyond an aim of responsibilization, into a programme of internalization, wherein newcomers are expected to own and address their problematic ‘nature’, making ‘modern’ values their own.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Programming Languages in NLP",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
55,
72,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85097300940
|
‘Next time stay in your war room and pray for your boys’ or return to your kitchen: Sexist discourses in Ghana’s 2019 National Science and Math Quiz
|
This paper examines the representations of women in the discourses on the 2019 edition of Ghana’s National Science and Math Quiz. With data from online news articles and three social media outlets, the study examines stereotypical views about gender and Science/Math while exploring the relationship between language, gender, and culture. We focus on how the authors use memes, images and some linguistic strategies to instantiate certain (Ghanaian) gender norms and practices. Findings suggest that women who pursue (academic) excellence, especially in male-dominated fields like Science and Math, are usurpers who need to be kept where they ‘belong’. They are thus presented in particular stereotypical ways – homemakers, supporters, objects of sex and beauty, ‘unfit’ for science/math. Using Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis, which makes room for uncovering, contesting and reinterpreting the ‘hidden agendas’ of discourse, we also analyze nuances of the representations, some of which we (re)interpret as representations of women’s power.
|
[
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Explainability & Interpretability in NLP",
"Reasoning",
"Numerical Reasoning",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP"
] |
[
72,
71,
81,
8,
5,
4
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85140216553
|
‘No room for hate in our country’: Constructing the LGBTI-friendly nation in news discourses after the murder of a gay man in Belgium
|
This article analyses othering discourses in the news media coverage of an alleged homophobic murder in Belgium. The case study is based on a critical discourse analysis of news articles published in Dutch-speaking Belgian news media. Using the framework of homonationalism, this analysis finds that Belgium's LGBTI-friendly status is deeply anchored in the national identity. Discourses in mainstream news media following the murder appeal to a unified imagined community of Belgians based on the assumed shared value of tolerance. This LGBTI-friendly status spills over in the exclusionary discourse in right-wing alternative media towards groups that are represented as a homophobic threat outside the nation (Central and Eastern Europe) and within it (Muslims and migrants).
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85071781983
|
‘Normal’ and ‘failing’ mothers: Women’s constructions of maternal subjectivity while living with multiple sclerosis
|
Multiple sclerosis causes physical and cognitive impairment that can impact women’s experiences of motherhood. This study examined how women construct their maternal subjectivities, or sense of self as a mother, drawing on a framework of biographical disruption. A total of 20 mothers with a multiple sclerosis diagnosis took part in semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analysed using thematic decomposition to identify subject positions that women adopted in relation to cultural discourses of gender, motherhood and illness. Three main subject positions were identified: ‘The Failing Mother’, ‘Fear of Judgement and Burdening Others’ and ‘The Normal Mother’. Women’s sense of self as the ‘Failing Mother’ was attributed to the impact of multiple sclerosis, contributing to biographical disruption and reinforced through ‘Fear of Judgement and Burdening Others’ within social interactions. In accounts of the ‘Normal Mother’, maternal subjectivity was renegotiated by adopting strategies to manage the limitations of multiple sclerosis on mothering practice. This allowed women to self-position as ‘good’ mothers. Health professionals can assist women by acknowledging the embodied impact of multiple sclerosis on maternal subjectivities, coping strategies that women employ to address potential biographical disruption, and the cultural context of mothering, which contributes to women’s experience of subjectivity and well-being when living with multiple sclerosis.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84924162642
|
‘Not know my voice?’: Shakespeare corrected; english perfected - theories of language from the middle ages to modernity
|
Our cultural understandings of Shakespeare, and especially his language, are fraught with paradoxes and contradictions. In this chapter, I consider our view of Shakespeare in relation to the Middle Ages, and modernity, to argue that these relations are more complex than often seems the case when we base our generalizations on Shakespeare alone. I argue that understanding the basis for our attitude to Shakespeare's language, and our concepts of language in general, is the key to understanding the relationship between the Middle Ages, Shakespeare (for which we read the Renaissance), and the ‘present’ (whenever that has been, is, or will be). To demonstrate what I mean by the dangers of our presuppositions, I begin with a piece of Shakespeare criticism, which I take to be broadly typical of assumptions about Shakespeare, his position relative to the modern world, and the Middle Ages. I shall show that the assumptions of the piece, although conventional, are deeply flawed, resting on an anachronistic reading of the status of language in Shakespeare, and Renaissance culture. I then consider two instances of ‘modernizing’ Shakespeare: by Dryden, and by modern editors, and examine the implications for English, and Shakespeare, of these processes. I end by attempting to trace the cultural-linguistic shift that separates us from Shakespeare (and the Middle Ages). I shall argue that it has been repeatedly misplaced between the Middle Ages and Shakespeare, with the effect that we treat Shakespeare as modern.
|
[
"Multimodality",
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
74,
70,
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85142763817
|
‘Nothing Can Stop What’s Coming’: An analysis of the conspiracy theory discourse on 4chan’s /Pol board
|
This article presents evidence of a conspiracy theory discourse on the anonymous messaging board 4chan, specifically /pol as in politically incorrect. Previous research shows 4chan lacks a coherent political discourse. Recent research suggests that the site is at least a reliable source of white supremacism within a larger framework of conspiratorial thinking. Grounded theory guides a systematic analysis of posts from 4chan’s /pol board during the dates third to ninth January 2021, before and after the attempted insurrection at the U.S. Capitol. Following Trump’s call to supporters to Stop the Steal (referring to unsubstantiated claims of a fraudulent 2020 election), the search terms steal and Trump collected all posts in threads with matching posts. A critical discourse analysis investigates the presence and articulation of conspiracism in selected posts. Findings reveal confirmation with previous research about the apparent lack of ideological coherence on/pol yet also affirms the discourse of white supremacism. Additionally, a diversity of conspiracism functions as a primary form of communication on 4chan regardless of one’s loyalty to a particular political ideology.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
71,
72,
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84975263165
|
‘Now I see how my students feel’: expansive learning in a language awareness workshop
|
This study looks at a case study research on a language awareness workshop in a New York public school with a dual language (Spanish/English) program. A learner-centred lesson, taught in Spanish, focused on basic personal information exchanges for in-service teachers who taught only in English and who had some limited knowledge of Spanish. The instructors’ charge was to teach participants how to exchange basic personal information in Spanish. Working from a cultural historical activity theory perspective, the interactions that took place in a videotaped session were analysed, using tools from discourse analysis, conversation analysis, and linguistics. The focus was set on the interactions of the instructors with one of the teachers in the workshop to examine how she moved from resisting a new language to embracing an understanding of the role of a new language in learning by paying attention to the dynamics of identity production. By exploring moment-to-moment identity moves and moves across time, the authors identified learning actions leading to the potential of expansive learning and suggesting enhancement of the concept of experiencing (Sannino, 2010) by examining the production of the teacher's identity.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85139854724
|
‘Now we are whole:’ humiliation, shame and pride in Aliyev’s discourse on the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War
|
The article focuses on the role, interchangeability and liquidity of emotions in the speeches of Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev during the Nagorno-Karabakh War in 2020. It enquires about the functionality of emotions before, during, and after the war and finds that Aliyev prepared, mobilized and motivated society for the war through multiple ‘Address to the Nation’ speeches that aimed to evoke specific emotions such as shame, pride, and humiliation via portraying the occupation of Susha and the surrounding region as a source of shame and humiliation and the military victories in 2020 as a source of pride for the whole nation, which, combined, constitutes a crucial example of the interchangeability and liquidity of emotions. The emotional appeals in his speeches also justify and garner support for the initiation of the conflict, which, after the victory, transforms into Azerbaijani pride and humiliation of Armenians.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
72,
70,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85065449056
|
‘OK, well, first of all, let me say …’: Discursive uses of response initiators in US presidential primary debates
|
This article examines the discursive uses of frequent response initiators by Republican and Democratic presidential candidates in the genre of televised US primary debates. Ten full transcripts of debates held between February and April 2016 are investigated from the perspectives of political discourse studies and conversation analysis. It is shown that the response initiators well, first of all, look, you know and let me (just) speech act verb fulfill specific discursive functions in competitive media discourse. On the textual level, candidates exert power and control by negotiating turn-taking processes and managing the information flow. On the interactional level, competitors use response initiators to frame themselves as likable and competent personas, to establish common ground with voters and to enhance negative perceptions of opponents. Conclusively, in the multilogue of election debates, response initiators significantly contribute to the construction of individual preferability.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85008865179
|
‘Oh gawd, how am i going to fit into this?': Producing [mature] first-year student identity
|
This paper aims to improve the understanding of some aspects of campus life faced by a mature student and to help inform institutional strategies for enhancing student retention. The 'fit' between students' production of their own identity and their perception of the successful student (both academically and socially) in their institution/ programme of choice is considered to be a significant factor in student retention. While the concept of identity can be variously specified, identity as a production, something that is available for use, and embedded in some social activity, is the conceptual approach taken here. This paper demonstrates how identity as a [mature] first-year teacher-education student is produced by interaction in the course of an interview narrative. A microanalytic discourse analysis of the sequential nature of the interview talkis used to display successive instances of the social production of [mature] first-year student identity, displaying movement towards a better 'fit' with the institution/programme of choice. © 2004 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Programming Languages in NLP",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
55,
72,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85117271110
|
‘On grieving and holding on’ in Kate Osias’s flash fiction “Dinner for two”: A stylistic analysis
|
In recent years, there has been a growth in research interest in stylistic analyses of fiction. However, stylistic studies on the very short story genre called flash fiction remain scant. To fill this gap, the present study aims to conduct a stylistic investigation of one flash fiction written by a Filipino. Specifically, it examines “Dinner For Two” by Kate Osias based upon the following stylistic aspects: lexical categories, grammatical categories, and figures of speech. By combining linguistic criterion (or discrimination) and literary criterion, the stylistic analysis has helped in the deciphering of the language of the flash fiction under study by providing a more critical and objective approach to literary interpretation. Based on the analysis of the textual features along stylistic lines, it can be assumed that with brevity at its heart, flash fiction’s limitations are strengths because they may not only hook the readers but may also propel them to concentrate on the power of language, association, and inference. From this description, it can be argued that understatement and purposeful ambiguity are vital in flash fiction. Through the use of evocative language, flash fiction, as a literary genre, best works via implication.
|
[
"Stylistic Analysis",
"Sentiment Analysis"
] |
[
67,
78
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85122343143
|
‘Once out of nature’: The organic metaphor in Russian (and other) theories of language
|
It may seem paradoxical to entitle an essay on organic metaphors with the phrase ‘out of nature’, but by doing so I want to suggest that some of the most significant theories of language (and related theories of literature) in the modern era have been motivated by a desire similar to that expressed in the closing stanza of Yeats’s poem: to project a model of language (or literature) as something at once standing outside the self, while at the same time conspicuously resembling it; and thus, perhaps, providing its idealized surrogate.1 The ‘organic metaphor’, on which I will concentrate here, has played a prominent role in such aspirations. As a selfconscious figure of speech it arguably first appears in Germany during the Romantic era, then (as far as the perspective of this essay is concerned) migrates to Russia, where it assumes a central place in the remarkable efflorescence of writings on language that appear there in the later nineteenth and the first part of the twentieth centuries. But it took up this position in Russian thought because it fit in well with more deeply embedded notions about language and selfhood traceable to Russia’s medieval past - which, it turns out, were also more influential in western thought than one might first suspect.
|
[
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85045462411
|
‘One is not born, but rather becomes, a Korean woman’: Gender politics of female bodies in Korean weight-loss reality TV shows
|
This study examines gender politics from a feminist perspective by analysing significant discourses on body care, which are regenerated through female-targeted Korean weight-loss reality television shows. Three key discourses have implicitly reinforced gender politics within Korean culture. First, weight-loss reality television shows tend to expand the abnormal category of the Korean female body by only focusing on ordinary females, regardless of body size. Second, Korean female body care has been affected by the idea of ‘saving face’, which is regarded as a unique historical national characteristic. Lastly, these diet television shows create a significant discourse called ‘diet pornography’ by emphasizing ‘after’ diet results, such as toned and idealized body shapes, while minimizing the ‘before’ diet, such as the harsh processes and desperate efforts of the ordinary participants. The body-care discourses represented in Korean weight-loss reality television shows play a significant role in defining the gender politics that reinforce the idea that Korean females must modify their bodies as a duty and good habit.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85029408704
|
‘Ought implies Can’ and the law
|
In this paper, we investigate the ‘ought implies can’ (OIC) thesis, focusing on explanations and interpretations of OIC, with a view to clarifying its uses and relevance to legal philosophy. We first review various issues concerning the semantics and pragmatics of OIC; then we consider how OIC may be incorporated in Hartian and Kelsenian theories of the law. Along the way we also propose a taxonomy of OIC-related claims.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:34248054984
|
‘Our Danish Democracy’: Community, People and Democracy in the Danish Debate on the Common Currency
|
Adopting a post-structuralist perspective and focusing on a segment of public debate prior to the September 2000 referendum in Denmark on the introduction of the common European currency, five different conceptions of democracy are identified, but a hegemonic discourse is seen to prevail across these conceptions. This discourse contains knowledge of democracy as a community of one homogeneous, solidaristic people and of the existence of one homogeneous and solidaristic Danish people. It is ethno-nationalist in so far as it implies common and unifying traits which serve as boundary markers. It points to certain limits as regards relations between ‘Denmark’, ‘Europe’ and ‘democracy’. For so long as predominant conceptions of democracy all rest upon knowledge of one homogeneous people, and as long as ‘we all know’ that there is no homogeneous European people, a conflict will remain between ‘Europe’ and ‘democracy’ in Danish debates. © 2003, Sage Publications. All rights reserved.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85060671799
|
‘Piketty is a genius, but … ’: an analysis of journalistic delegitimation of Thomas Piketty’s economic policy proposals
|
The continued rise of socio-economic inequality over the past decades with its connected political outcomes such as the Brexit vote in the UK, and the election of Donald Trump are currently a matter of intense debate both in academia and in journalism. One significant sign of the heightened interest was the surprise popularity of Thomas Piketty’s Capital in the twenty-first Century. The book reached the top of the bestseller lists and was described as a ‘media sensation’, with Piketty himself as a ‘rock star economist’. This paper, drawing from a major international and cross-disciplinary study, investigates the print media treatment in four European countries of economic policy proposals presented in Capital. Applying social semiotic and critical discourse analysis, we specifically focus on articles which are in disagreement with these proposals and identify five categories of counterarguments used against Piketty: authorisation, moralisation, rationalisation, portrayal of victimhood and inevitability. Providing textual and linguistic examples we demonstrate how the use of linguistic resources normalises and conventionalises ideology-laden discourses of economic means (taxation) and effects, reinforcing particular views of social relations and class as common sense and therewith upholding and perpetuating power relations and inequalities.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85042277587
|
‘Please turn it off ’: Negotiations and morality around children’s media use at home
|
This article examines the discourse of negotiation surrounding children’s media time use as it emerges from naturally occurring video-recorded interactions between parents and children. Specifically, it explores how children are socialized into thinking about prioritizing activities when one of them involves media. Also, this study examines how (un)availability of time with media is morally constructed in face-to-face interactions, paying special attention to processes of negotiation, authority and power through directive trajectories. Three trends of discourses around media emerge. First, when media use is framed as problematic, prioritizing certain activities almost systematically entails postponing media use. Second, when parents ratify their children’s use of media, it becomes a prize or a privilege to be earned by children. Third, even when children are rightfully engaged in media, parents often seem to be wary of their children’s ability to turn the technology off by themselves, and reinforce moral accountability.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85088943080
|
‘Please’ as an impoliteness marker in English discourse
|
This study explored how Iranian EFL learners and native English speakers conceptualized the impolite use of please in interaction. Moreover, attempts were made to examine whether Iranian EFL learners and native English speakers differ in using the impolite version of please in their communications. To this end, informal conversations of 20 Iranian EFL learners in pairs and small groups were recorded and transcribed. The impolite version of please in these conversations was compared with similar data from the Bergen Corpus of London Teenage Language (COLT). According to results, several functions of the ‘impolite’ please were found among Iranian EFL learners and native English speakers. Firstly, please was used to establish or confirm harmonious relationships between the speakers; it was used as rapport-strengthening impoliteness marker. Secondly, ‘mock impoliteness’ was conceptualized to bear positive meaning since it was interpreted as an amusing or entertaining remark. In teenagers’ circles, entertainment skills whereby impolite please was employed were highly valued. Thirdly, participants adhered to ‘repetition’, ‘reformulation’, and ‘escalation’ in their interactions to show their creative impoliteness. Finally, it was concluded that certain functions of the impolite please were shared between the Iranian EFL learners and native English speakers, while some functions were not shared between these two groups.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85088154621
|
‘Professional Inefficacy is the Exact Opposite of the Passionate Social Worker’: Discursive Analysis of Neoliberalism within the Writing on Self-care in Social Work
|
Social work experiences notable rates of burnout and subsequent attrition. In the social work academic and practice-based literature, self-care strategies are proposed as a means of mitigating the effects of workplace stress and feelings of emotional exhaustion. However, the neoliberal self-care discourse intended to alleviate feelings of distress may in fact be exacerbating professional burnout. Yet discourse analysis allows for a critical examination of neoliberalism’s discourse of social worker self-care.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85079702150
|
‘Propaganda Fights’ and ‘Disinformation Campaigns’: the discourse on information warfare in Russia-West relations
|
This article scrutinises the role of discourses on the manipulative use of information for Russia–West relations. Debates on so-called information warfare have gained prevalence both in the West and in Russia. Applying a poststructuralist framework, the comparative analysis discusses how these discourses work, respectively, how they interact, and what this interaction implies for Russia–West relations. While the contemporary discourses facilitate a confrontational stance of both Russia and the West towards the respective Other, it is argued, first, that these dispositions are malleable. On the long run, Russia–West relations are thus not condemned to remain hostile. Secondly, both sides still speak to some extent the same language. However, if the current cooldown prevails, this common discursive ground may fade and give way to more fundamental confrontational stances. Finally, by revealing each other's contingency, discourses in both countries make it appear less natural which interpretation is ‘true’ or ‘right’.
|
[
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Ethical NLP",
"Reasoning",
"Fact & Claim Verification",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP"
] |
[
72,
71,
17,
8,
46,
4
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85099182472
|
‘Re-educating the Roma? You must be joking..’: Racism and prejudice in online discussion forums
|
This article explores prejudicial and racist discourse in reader comments in internet news discussion forums. Based on data from an online debate among Czech commenters on the mainstream iDnes.cz news site, it seeks to contribute to the existing critical linguistic approaches to discursive strategies of othering. Analysing user comments referencing a news article on a sensitive social topic, namely the complicated reception of Central European Roma immigrants in the UK, the paper focuses on three salient themes found in the data: (a) the re-education of the ethnic minority; (b) the users’ perception of the media as politically correct and siding with the outgroup; and (c) the outgroup’s negative stereotype associating it with criminality. The paper argues that the discourse on these topics simultaneously relies on and reinforces the negative stereotype of the ethnic group, while revealing a complicated relationship between three stakeholders: the ingroup, represented by the commenters; the outgroup, made up of members of the ethnic groups; and the media, as representatives of the authorities and the elites. The findings reveal how quasi-humorous comments that involve such stereotypical representations contribute to the normalization of everyday racism against ethnic outgroups.1.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85135974719
|
‘Real men grill vegetables, not dead animals’: Discourse representations of men in an online vegan community
|
This article critically examines discourse representations of men in a large online vegan community. The analysis reveals a set of discourses which provide oppositional representations of vegan and non-vegan men, wherein the former is aligned with hegemonic masculine norms and the latter represented as transgressing or falling short of these norms. We interpret these discourses as providing means for the forum members to resist societal-level discourses which frame veganism and vegan men as feminine or ‘unmanly’, while also performing a social support function of reassuring posters who express concerns about how their veganism may impact how others perceive them and their masculinity. However, we also argue that such discourses can be considered problematic from an ecofeminist perspective, as they orient to and reinforce a hegemonic gender hierarchy which has enabled, and continues to enable, gender oppression, animal exploitation and the broader destruction of the natural world.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Representation Learning"
] |
[
71,
72,
12
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85090788231
|
‘Refugees are not welcome’: Digital racism, online place-making and the evolving categorization of Syrians in Turkey
|
This article argues that digital publics unleash and bolster everyday racism, creating an unregulated space where anonymity and ubiquity enable the dissemination of racist message. By creating broader visibility and wider reach of racist texts and facilitating more participation for racists, social media platforms such as Twitter normalize gendered and place-based racialization of refugees. Recently, hostility and hate became the norm in derogating the refugee identity on social media platforms. To investigate the complexity of digital racism, this article presents a unique case study on Twitter, capturing the widespread user reactions in the aftermath of the mass resettlement of Syrians in Turkey. It examines varying racialization of Syrians on the Turkish Twittersphere, using sentiment and qualitative content analyses of hashtags and mentions on Syrians, when they hit Twitter trends for Turkey for a year, first, for mundane events and, second, during the Turkish state’s occupation in Northern Syria.
|
[
"Information Extraction & Text Mining",
"Information Retrieval",
"Text Classification",
"Sentiment Analysis"
] |
[
3,
24,
36,
78
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84961198927
|
‘Right nutrition, right values’: the construction of food, youth and morality in the UK government 2010–2014
|
Abstract: This paper presents a critical discourse analysis, situated within a broad Foucauldian framework, focusing on the construction of food and eating within the context of youth, schools and education, drawing on speeches, documents and public texts produced or sponsored by members of the UK Coalition Government (2010–2014). Michael Gove, the then Secretary of State for Education, spoke of the ‘clear moral purpose’ (June 2011) of the education reform agenda, one key policy of which was the provision of free school meals for all infant school pupils from September 2014. Gove has said of this policy that ‘the reason that is so important is they won’t just get the right nutrition, they will get the right values’ (October 2013). The analysis draws on such statements, and other speeches, policy documents and public availably texts to delineate six discourses. These are the discourses of: School (Attainment and Community); Health; Party Political Identity; ‘Manners Maketh Man’; Economics; and ‘Good Parent/ Bad Parent’. Within these, two overarching themes emerge: a tension between neoliberalism and liberal paternalism, and a link between meals and morality.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
72,
70,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85096369510
|
‘Risk of sexual violence against women and girls’ in the construction of ‘gender-neutral toilets’: A discourse analysis of comments on YouTube videos
|
This article considers how the risk of sexual violence against women and girls is topicalised in social media interaction about ‘gender-neutral toilets’. In particular, it examines how versions of the category of ‘transgender people’ are assigned a key role within the construction of sexual violence risk. A discursive analysis is presented of 1,756 online comments in response to ten YouTube videos relating to gender-neutral toilets. The analysis focuses on one theme entitled ‘Gender-neutral toilets as a site of sexual danger’ and its constituent sub-themes. The phenomenon of gender-neutral toilets was responded to with a limited set of gendered tropes that constructed and positioned stakeholders in culturally recognisable ways. Women and children were constructed as vulnerable to sexual violence, at risk from men (including versions of ‘transgender women’) and in need of protection. This transformed a debate over public space into a question of morality. The analysis contributes to existing literature by focusing on the discursive features involved in the construction of risk, and the implications of these constructions in minimising the need to address social structures that position transgender people as legitimate targets of violence.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Visual Data in NLP",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
20,
72,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85126803318
|
‘Sanna, Aren't You Ashamed?’ Affective-discursive practices in online misogynist discourse of Finnish prime minister Sanna Marin
|
This research examines online misogynist discourse related to the Finnish prime minister (PM) Sanna Marin's image published in Trendi magazine in October 2020. The affective-discursive analysis of online commentaries resulted in the identification of four affective-discursive practices: an immoral woman, incompetent woman, calculating woman and inferior woman. Misogynist discourse related to the PM Marin took the form of a moral act, drew from stereotypical images of women as less rational than men, appeared as accusations targeted at Marin for playing the gender card as a political tactic, and constructed an image of Marin and female politicians as objects of men's sexual desires and as inferior to men. These affective-discursive practices mobilized dehumanizing discourse ranging from milder forms of derogation, scorn and other-condemning practices to harsher forms of belittlement, humiliation and animalistic dehumanization. This study contributes to the current knowledge on the affective-discursive processes underlying online misogyny against female politicians.
|
[
"Visual Data in NLP",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Sentiment Analysis",
"Emotion Analysis",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
20,
72,
71,
78,
61,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84989483152
|
‘So you did what you wanted then’: Discourse analysis, personal agency, and psychotherapy
|
This paper explores issues concerning personal agency in discursive psychology and discourse analysis, with a particular emphasis on agency in terms of motivational accounts of the person. Issues are discussed in relation to the efficacy, acceptability, and accessibility of discourse analytic research for the practising psychotherapist. We suggest that such an approach may raise problems in four areas. First, we argue that without explicit theorization of the subject as language user, discourse analysis may be vulnerable to the charge of determinism. Second, theorization of the subject as language user may be required to account successfully for individual consistency and continuity of identity. Third, although claiming to critique commonsense notions of subjectivity, implicit dualist assumptions facilitate a reading of discursive psychology that is compatible with a motivational model of the person. Finally, we argue that discursive psychology itself implies a particular model of the strategically motivated language user. We conclude that, although these issues require clarification, discursive psychology and discourse analysis have much to offer psychotherapy research. Copyright © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85101442921
|
‘So, he is practically a Korean?’: Power relations and re-articulation of the Korean Self in the TV show Non-Summit
|
Korean national identity is defined by nationalist sentiment and a mono-ethnic self-image. Having turned into a migrant-receiving country, Korea is slowly transforming into a multicultural society. The contemporary popularity of television shows with migrant representation reflects this change. The question arises how migrants get depicted in these popular broadcasting shows and what this portrayal of non-Koreans reveals about re-articulations of the Korean Self. As a response to these questions, a critical discourse analysis of Episodes 1 and 103 of the show Non-Summit (Bijeongsang hoedam 2014–17) is conducted. Corresponding to Koller’s (2011) combined discourse-historical and socio-cogni-tive approach, macro-, meso-and micro-level are analysed separately. Overall, Non-Summit reproduces Korean discourse on multiculturalism as ‘happy talk’, as the avoidance of in-depth consideration of inequality, the reproduction of ‘western’ norms and the normativity of Koreanness. This results from predominantly selecting Caucasians and constructing them as ‘para-Koreans’ who can then be readily consumed. These practices enable the Korean Self to position itself as analogous to western, modern norms. This positioning mirrors the influence of ‘nouveau-riche nationalism’ and the Korean ‘will to greatness’. The show further consolidates existing societal norms in Korea (Kang 2017: 14) on four different levels of power relations between Korean producers/writers and migrant population in Korea, non-Korean cast and migrant population in Korea, Korean producers/writers/hosts and non-Korean cast, and Korean viewers and non-Korean cast, and hierarchizes modern and traditional values. Thereby, Non-Summit reproduces the South Korean struggle to reconstruct a homogenous national identity in the face of a rising ethnic diversity within the country.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84883788919
|
‘Sociology’ in soviet linguistics of the 1920–30s: Shor, polivanov and voloshinov
|
Introduction By the late 1920s the idea that language is a social phenomenon and various linguistic phenomena can be given a sociological explanation had become a commonplace in Soviet linguistics. Several reasons for the ‘sociological turn’ can be found. Firstly, the dramatic social and economic changes caused by the Revolution were reflected in the Russian language, thus making it evident that language and society are intimately connected. Secondly, many Soviet linguists – like scholars in other academic disciplines too – felt the urge to develop a new Marxist approach to the study of language as opposed to earlier ‘bourgeois’ theories of language (for discussion, see Alpatov 2000, Brandist 2005). In most cases the growing interest in ‘the questions of language and society’ meant the study of social dialects and linguistic changes that took place in the Russian language after the Revolution. Thirdly, linguistics became a socially significant discipline in the construction of the new Soviet state, because many linguists were engaged in the creation of alphabets for different languages which did not hitherto have a written form. Fourthly, one certainly should not underestimate the role of the ‘climate of opinion’ (see Koerner 1987) – the special emphasis on language as a social fact at the beginning of the 20th century – in the formation of the early Soviet sociology of language. The early sociological approach to the study of language is frequently – albeit mistakenly – equated with the idea of the class character (klassovost') of language only (see Desnitskaia 1974).
|
[
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84978086864
|
‘Some I don’t remember and some I do’: Memory talk in accounts of intimate partner violence
|
This study is the first to address the ways in which male perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) talk about memory in their reports of their IPV and how these are used to manage their accountability for the violence. Drawing on and developing the discursive psychological literature on talk about memory, which highlights how such talk is used to perform practical actions within interactions, a discourse analysis is conducted on interviews with six male perpetrators of recent, multiple incidents of IPV who were undergoing treatment. The analysis identified the varying ways in which memory was used: first, claims of forgetting were used to avoid answering difficult and potentially incriminating questions; second, claims of clear memories were used to position partners as problematic and responsible for violence; and third, claims about simultaneously remembering and forgetting were found. The implications of these strategies for managing identity and accountability are discussed.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84954375488
|
‘Some liken it to the arab spring’: Youth and the politically legitimate subject
|
This critical discourse analysis of 16 newspaper articles, editorials, and letters to the editor examines comparisons made between the Arab Spring and the Quebec student strike to discern what these comparisons tell us about perceptions of civically engaged youth involved in collective action. The texts were drawn from major Canadian daily newspapers and English language student newspapers using a keyword search and then analyzed for their representations of the strike. The study finds that criticisms of the protesters pointed to their youth as the rationale for their exclusion from democratic dialog and that texts delegitimized the protests by ridiculing comparisons to the Arab Spring and by implying that collective action was more legitimate abroad than in Quebec.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84959872869
|
‘Sound Health Starts from Education’: the social construction of obesity in Iranian public health discourse
|
Abstract: This paper presents the results of a study exploring official public health discourse surrounding obesity in Iran. Data were obtained from the Iranian Government agency website responsible for public health. Our study contributes to the knowledge about the social construction of public health issues in general, and obesity in particular, in a developing country that subscribes to sociocultural norms and a political economy regime proclaimed to be very different from those in secular liberal democracies. Our analysis reveals noteworthy differences and parallels between obesity discourses emanating from public health officials in the neoliberal West and those currently taking shape in the Iranian context. While a notable lack of emphasis on consumption as a tool of lifestyle change as well as distinctive anxieties regarding modernization and technology characterize obesity discourse in Iran was noted, so was the promotion of individual behaviour change. We discuss the implications of these findings and make recommendations for further research on the public health strategies currently being undertaken to address obesity in Iran and other non-Western contexts.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84973789994
|
‘Suit, tie and a touch of juju ’ —the ideological construction of africa: A critical discourse analysis of news on africa in the british press
|
This paper examines the ideological construction of Africa through a critical discourse analysis of news on Africa in the British press. Through a comparative analysis of two British papers with opposing ideological positions, it demonstrates that there is a stereotypical, naturalized and dominant discourse on Africa. The analysis illustrates how the features of this discourse combine to produce particular meanings which give rise to a neo-colonial racist representation of Africa and Africans. The role of this discourse in reproducing the racist perceptions of Africa and Africans in Western society and in maintaining Western hegemony is discussed; and the question of this discourse's relationship to other racist discourses in European society is also raised. This paper argues that the entrenched stability of this discourse holds little possibility for challenge or transformation. © 1995, SAGE Publications. All rights reserved.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85025159667
|
‘Supportive’, ‘real’, and ‘low-cost’: implicit comparisons and universal assumptions in the construction of the prospective college-based HE student
|
This paper first argues for the importance of continued analysis of marketising discourses in Higher Education (HE), both despite and because of their ubiquity. Secondly, the paper looks specifically at college-based HE provision in English Further Education (FE). Using the ‘possible selves’ concept alongside critical discourse analysis, the paper analyses the representations of prospective students on marketing web pages for HE provision in FE colleges. Arguing that the web pages reveal more than just the limited language of HE marketing strategy, the paper highlights common representations of the college-based HE student across policy, research and marketing sources. By exploring both the celebratory and the limiting nature of these representations, the paper therefore asks what the pages’ projections of future or prospective students can tell us about current understandings of English college-based HE.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85081257881
|
‘Swamped’: the populist construction of fear, crisis and dangerous others in Pauline Hanson’s senate speeches
|
This paper critically examines the discursive construction of fear, crises, threat and dangerous Others in Pauline Hanson’s populist political communication from 2016–2018. Specifically, it looks at how a politics of fear manifests through the construction of Islam and Muslims as Others who pose an existential threat to Australia’s security and ‘culture’. Drawing on critical discourse analysis, this paper examines the way in which discursive strategies and other linguistic devices are used purposefully in order to serve Hanson’s right-wing populist agenda. This paper argues that Hanson is emblematic of both liberal and illiberal Islamophobia and that she strategically draws on liberal critiques of Islam to justify draconian policies such as immigration bans and restrictions on religious freedoms. Underpinning this research is the belief that populist communication is consequential and must be examined for a holistic understanding of the populist phenomenon.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
72,
70,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84929512352
|
‘Take ownership of your condition’: Australian women’s health and risk talk in relation to their experiences of breast cancer
|
Western understandings of breast cancer are primarily shaped both by neo-liberal, individual-oriented approaches to health and illness and by ‘consumer-led’ health movements. In this ‘healthist’ context, diagnosis of breast cancer typically marks a crisis in women’s lives, which may prompt them to account for the development of the illness and reposition themselves as self-governing individuals who have control over their health and who can manage future ‘risks’. We present a thematic discourse analysis of interviews conducted in 2012 with 27 women across Australia who have had breast cancer. Using the lenses of ‘healthism’ and ‘risk management’ in this analysis, we identified a cultural discourse of ‘individual responsibility and empowerment’. Women utilised this discourse while ‘accounting’ for their illness by engaging in ‘health talk’ and ‘risk talk’. While many women emphasised the shock of the diagnosis in light of having been ‘always healthy’, others expressed the inevitability of ‘risk’ on the basis of individual behaviours or genetic history. This discourse provided women one way to explain and make sense of their illness, potentially enabling them to cope with the fear and uncertainty of breast cancer. Drawing on this discourse, women could also position themselves in socially desirable and empowered ways as responsible health consumers, as self-governing and as taking responsibility in dealing with the illness and remaining vigilant for recurrence. We discuss how this neo-liberal approach can be empowering, but also has the effect of positioning women as primarily responsible for managing their health and their illness.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP"
] |
[
71,
72,
4
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84975048823
|
‘Talk, listen, think’: Discourses of agency and unintentional violence in consent guidance for gay, bisexual and trans men
|
Attention to men’s attitudes towards sexual consent and violence has led to sexual consent guidance targeting men specifically. This article examines conflicting notions of consent and the construction of implied readership in a UK corpus of online sexual consent guidance for gay, bisexual and trans men. ‘Positive consent’ discourse presents consent as free, active and able to be withdrawn. ‘Talk, listen, think’ discourse recommends clear and explicit communication about boundaries. I argue that these discourses present gay, bisexual and trans men as effective moral agents, but these conflicting discourses also weaken the message of consent as free and affirmative. I show how synthetic personalization constructs solidarity between the implied reader and an imagined community of gay, bisexual and trans men who share the aim of ending sexual violence, but also constructs solidarity with men who are presented as unintentionally violent. I conclude by suggesting ways to improve consent guidance.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85031499576
|
‘That boy needs therapy’: Constructions of psychotherapy in popular song lyrics
|
Despite a plethora of academic and clinical descriptions of psychotherapy, less research attention has been focused on the ways in which psychotherapy is talked about and represented in popular culture. This study investigates constructions of psychotherapy in the lyrics of popular songs and identifies the vocabularies, versions and relevant discourses that are invoked or crafted. A critical discourse analysis was applied to 24 songs and yielded three broad themes: ‘Banal therapy’, the ‘Non-therapeutic relationship’ and ‘I know therefore I can’. These discursive objects are examined in light of a constructionist understanding of knowledge and power within a discussion of how their interplay is implicated in the status of psychotherapeutic concepts and practices as ‘expert knowledge’. Some clinical implications are attended to without making claims that this study has identified ontological representations of psychotherapy in popular culture.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85091805226
|
‘The (charitable) pantry is bare’: a critical discourse analysis of Christmas food hamper programs in Canada
|
At all times, but especially during the Christmas season, Canada’s reliance on the charitable food sector is markedly apparent. This paper examines, using the Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), the historical, contextual, referential and discursive themes emerging in major news stories about the provision and receipt of Christmas food hampers in Canada. Several themes emerged: descriptions of deservingness in the uneven apportionment of charitable assistance; the assumed adequacy of food charity in the wake of increasing need; the asymmetrical power relations and emotional costs/rewards of food charity; and expectations of gratitude and preferred behaviors for those in charitable receipt. What was absent in these data was any mention of human rights, or dialogue about evidence-informed solutions that might effectively alleviate Canada’s poverty and food insecurity problems. The discussion section considers how income security can be realized in Canada through a basic income guarantee, grounded in human rights infrastructure.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Programming Languages in NLP",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
55,
72,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85130537637
|
‘The Golden Question’. Addressing supervisee self-care in clinical supervision
|
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore how supervisee self-care is, or is not, addressed in the clinical supervision of counsellors and psychotherapists. The aims of the study were as follows: (1) to analyse the process and dialogue used to address supervisee self-care in clinical supervision; (2) to explore supervisee and supervisor experiences and understanding of how self-care is addressed in clinical supervision; and (3) to investigate how addressing supervisee self-care can be enhanced or maintained and how this can be implemented into training and practice. Method: Four established supervision dyads with experienced practitioners took part. Twelve supervision sessions were analysed using a discursive psychology approach to discourse analysis. Participants were then interviewed; the data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: The findings from the discourse analysis demonstrate how discourse can enhance or limit addressing self-care. The findings from the analysis of the supervisor interviews resulted in the following superordinate themes: ‘I am here’, ‘Where are you?’ and ‘We're the instruments’. The findings from the supervisee interviews resulted in two superordinate themes: ‘Me, myself and I' and ‘You and I'. Conclusions: There is an interplay between the experience of the supervisor and supervisee and the dialogue used to address self-care in clinical supervision. The implications for practice and training are discussed via ‘The Golden Question’ that encapsulates the findings.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Natural Language Interfaces",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Dialogue Systems & Conversational Agents"
] |
[
71,
11,
72,
38
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85064042803
|
‘The fact they knew before I did upset me most’: Essentialism and normativity in lesbian and gay youths’ coming out stories
|
This article demonstrates, via discourse analysis of a group of young gay and lesbian people’s coming out stories, the salience of essentialist ideologies on their identity construction. The study reveals underlying normative assumptions in the young people’s narratives, including those associated with binary gender and innate sexual desire, which they employ in order to construct a culturally authentic sexual identity. Through close sociolinguistic analysis of interactions, it is shown how identity construction is directly influenced by broader ideologies. The analysis provides evidence of the continued prevalence of heteronormativity and homonormativity as key influences in young queer people’s identity work.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85095435273
|
‘The legislature is the engine room of democracy’: Constructing ideological worldviews through proximisation strategies in Nigerian Senate debates
|
This study investigates how legislators utilise proximisation strategies to construct ideological worldviews in Nigerian Senate debates about democratic consolidation and the legitimacy of the legislature. For data, samples were purposively drawn from a 1.9 million-word corpus of Nigerian Senate debates constructed for a broader research and subjected to qualitative discourse analysis. The analysis reveals that legislators’ discursive acts prompt the conceptual organisation of the discourse space such that the activities of the executive are construed to be inimical to democratic consolidation and the legitimacy of the legislature, whereas legislators construe themselves positively as resilient defenders of democracy and the legislative institution. Through proximisation strategies, legislators engage in the ideological discourse of positive self-presentation and negative other-presentation relative to the executive. This paper contributes to our understanding of the tenuous and polarised relationship amongst arms of government under a presidential political system in an emerging democracy.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84958740788
|
‘The man who hated Britain’ – the discursive construction of ‘national unity’ in the Daily Mail
|
In 2013, the British right-wing tabloid Daily Mail triggered a fierce controversy, focused on antisemitism and patriotism/nationalism. It was sparked by the publication of an article on the British economist Ralph Miliband with the provocative headline ‘The man who hated Britain’. The lead refers to Ed Miliband, then leader of the British Labour Party: ‘Ed Miliband’s pledge to bring back socialism is homage to his Marxist father. So what did Miliband Snr really believe in? The answer should disturb everyone who loves this country’. In this paper, we analyse how Ralph Miliband is discursively constructed as a dangerous ‘Other’ and subsequently politically instrumentalised in a campaign against his son, Ed Miliband. We focus on how a particular concept of national unity is constructed with reference to the stereotype of the ‘disloyal, intellectual, international Jew’. This figure emerges as the ‘Iudeus ex machina’ in the scenario of impending doom in order, we assume, to distract attention from structural issues facing British society and economy. In our analysis we tackle the complex interdependencies of – mostly coded – antisemitic and nationalist rhetoric with the help of an interdisciplinary framework that integrates approaches to antisemitism, nationalism, media studies, and critical discourse studies, and related methodologies.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85048783414
|
‘The most popular star-tutor of English’: discursive construction of tutor identities in shadow education
|
Private tutoring has become a widespread phenomenon worldwide, partly due to the global trend of marketisation and commodification of education. Informed by a discursive view of identity and through multimodal discourse analysis, this study aims to unveil part of the shadow education discourse by investigating the identities of 41 English language tutors portrayed in their biographies on the websites of six leading tutorial schools in Hong Kong. The findings suggest that the tutors project identities as (1) an authoritative exam expert, (2) a popular star, and (3) a well-qualified English language teacher. These multiple identities overlap and collectively create an ‘exam expert-star-teacher’ hybrid identity. The study sheds light on how implicit values and beliefs about shadow education are created and manifested in educational and social discourses, particularly when biography in tutorial advertisements is a prevailing commercial genre with promotional purposes.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85136942015
|
‘The mother of all nations’: gendered discourses in Ghana’s 2020 elections
|
Gendered discourses in Ghana’s politics are not new. Unlike previous years, however, the gendered discourse in the 2020 election was different because the leading opposition party (NDC) selected a female running mate. Considering that the seat has been rotating between the NDC and NPP since 1992, Ghanaians foresaw a “real” possibility of having a female vice president. With data from online news articles and social media, this paper examines the nature of the gendered discourse that characterised Ghana’s 2020 election. We focus on stylistic devices and other linguistic strategies used with a view to understanding how gender either took a centre stage or “seeped” through the political discourse. Underpinned by Ambivalent Sexism Theory and Post-structuralist Discourse Analysis, findings indicate that although the running mate was sometimes represented in ways that challenge traditional gender stereotypes, she was largely represented in stereotypical ways, thereby corroborating findings from other parts of the world. These were done through devices like allusion, sarcasm, simile, metaphor and rhetorical questions. Findings also show that although it was the NDC that actively played the “gender card” to galvanise support, the NPP also played it to dissuade voters from voting for the NDC.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85119450775
|
‘The opposite of nationalism’? Rethinking patriotism in US political discourse
|
Patriotism frequently is framed as an individualised expression of affinity for a civic polity and a counterweight to ethnocultural nationalism. Yet the term is invoked by theorists and practitioners to denote a broad, often contradictory range of values. This paper argues that this is not simply semantic slippage, but a reflection of the exclusionary character of patriotism. Taking as data the full range of speeches delivered at the 2016 Democratic and Republican National Conventions, alongside 180 campaign speeches delivered by Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton, I conduct a critical political discourse analysis. I find that invocations of ‘patriotism’ construct an in-group of citizens who are positioned as the heirs of an authentic national tradition, and an out-group of co-citizens who are attempting to hijack the national spirit. Further, despite its global aspirations, patriotism hardens the racialised distinction between citizens and non-citizens.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
72,
70,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85118553906
|
‘The rapist is you’: semiotics and regional recontextualizations of the feminist protest ‘a rapist in your way’ in Latin America
|
The performance Un violador en tu camino [A rapist in your way] created by the Chilean feminist collective Las Tesis received global media attention during the 2019/2020 Chilean protests against inequality and human rights violations. Drawing on insights from Feminist Critical Discourse Studies, Corporeal Sociolinguistics and Multimodal Critical Discourse Studies, we analyse three video recordings of Las Tesis’ performances in three capital cities in Latin America: Santiago, Buenos Aires, and Mexico City. We study how sounds, lyrics, body movements, and accessories work together to defy institutional, material, and symbolic violence against women. We also analyse how intertextual strategies in the Santiago/Chilean performance and their recontextualization in Buenos Aires and Mexico City were employed to resist structural patriarchal norms. The analysis reveals that through an adaptation of the song lyrics and the performances, the following social actors are explicitly identified as the instigators of violence against women: the police and the President (Chile), judges opposed to the legalization of abortion (Argentina) and the Catholic Church (Mexico). This study advances understanding of feminist emancipatory and resistance discourses in Latin America.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85120873767
|
‘The very best generation of teachers ever’: teachers in post-2010 ministerial speeches
|
This article explores how teachers were discursively positioned in England following the formation of the Coalition government in 2010, using a corpus-assisted critical discourse analysis of 363 speeches produced by government ministers. Findings show that young teachers were privileged in post-2010 government discourse, constructed as valued and active social agents. Experienced teachers, however, were constructed as passive and deficient, albeit useful for training new teachers. The findings indicate the deployment of a biopolitical apparatus which sought to hierarchically distinguish between different groups of teachers in order to facilitate system reform.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
72,
70,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85141632766
|
‘The very best private schools in the world’: critical discourse analysis of the Spear’s Schools Index
|
This article employs critical discourse analysis of the Spear’s Schools Index of ‘the best private schools in the world’, the first such global ranking of schools, to understand representations of elite education in globalised societies. It argues that the Index is a powerful text that exemplifies a global gaze–an imagined perspective from which education is judged independent of context. Six assumptions about education inherent in this global gaze are identified, through which schools and parents are subjectified while students are objectified, namely that: good education can be judged independent of context; education is a competition; the best schools are supranational; private and Western schools are best; good parents choose globally; and children are an investment. The article demonstrates the fertility of analysing online sources to examine elite schools [Howard, Adam, and Jane Kenway. 2015. “Canvassing Conversations: Obstinate Issues in Studies of Elites and Elite Education.” International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education 28 (9): 1005–1032.].
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Ethical NLP",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP"
] |
[
71,
72,
17,
4
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85113398445
|
‘The vile eastern european⇔: ideology of deportability in the brexit media discourse
|
Pre-Brexit media discourse in the UK focused extensively on the end of free movement, the governance of European mobility, and its relationship with state sovereignty. This article, methodologically anchored in Critical Discourse Analysis, discusses how the potential post-Brexit deportee, namely the ‘Vile Eastern European’, is depicted by the leading pro-Leave British press. The Vile Eastern European is juxtaposed with a minority of hard-working and tax-paying migrants from the continent, as well as with unjustly deported Windrush and Commonwealth migrants. As the newspapers explain, the UK has not been able to deport the Vile Eastern European because of the EU free movement rights. The press links the UK’s inability to remove the unwanted citizens of EU countries with its lack of sovereignty, suggesting that only new immigration regulations will permit this deportation and make the UK sovereign again. The article concludes that the media discourse reproduces and co-produces the UK ideology of deportability that has been the basis for the EU Settlement Scheme and new immigration regulations.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85092364673
|
‘Then suddenly I spoke a lot of Spanish’–Changing linguistic practices and heritage language from adolescents’ points of view
|
This article investigates the multilingual experiences of three Norwegian and Spanish-speaking adolescents with transnational backgrounds. Drawing on narrative analysis and positioning theory, the article seeks to understand how the adolescents position themselves in relation to different expectations of linguistic competence, identities, and their cultural and linguistic inheritance. By investigating adolescents’ experiences of family multilingualism and heritage languages, as expressed in interviews and language portraits drawings (cf), the article adds to recent efforts in family multilingualism research toward understanding the experiences of multilingual children and adolescents. Moreover, the article expands on the current scholarly discussions of heritage language identities (cf), by shedding light on how adolescents hold complex multilingual experiences and how they continuously adapt to changing sociolinguistic circumstances within the family context.
|
[
"Multilinguality"
] |
[
0
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85039556862
|
‘Then you are making riskless money’: a critical discourse analysis of credit default swap coverage in the financial trade press
|
Recently, scholars begun to urge an approach to the study of finance that interrogates the accepted wisdom of financial models and practices by examining the forces of power behind their development. Drawing from the field of cultural studies, Hardin and Rottinghaus (in their 2015 article, “Introducing a cultural approach to technology in financial markets”) advocate for a cultural studies of finance, which emphasizes the critical consideration of the co-constructive nature of financial technologies and cultures. This paper builds off that provocation using the concept of ‘rhetorical closure’ (as described by Pinch and Bijker in 2012) to explore how industry media aimed at derivatives developers, traders, and investment bankers worked to define the meanings of new financial technologies. Using critical discourse analysis, this study examines how credit default swaps (CDSs) were presented in the financial industry media in the years 1995–2007, and how this framing contributed to the politics of these artifacts. It finds that the financial industry media produced a discourse about CDSs using multiple overlapping frames that overgeneralized the success of CDSs from narrowly specific evidence and applied constant competitive pressure to adopt new financial technologies. These discourses implicitly encouraged the rapid adoption and broad application of CDSs, thus helping to (re)produce a financial culture in which self-interest and short-term gains were prioritized.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85150526762
|
‘There’s no such thing as a clean line’: an award-winning history teacher’s racial ideologies-in-pieces
|
Using the notion of ‘ideology in pieces’ as a guiding concept, this paper presents a case study of one teacher who won his state’s history teacher of the year award. This study uses critical discourse analysis to explore the complex and at-times competing racial logics this teacher expressed regarding what race/racism is, how it operates in society, and its role in his teaching. Ultimately, this paper reveals that this teacher’s racial ideologies emerged ‘in pieces,’ constituted by a range of factors including his perception of the needs of his student population, community context, and his larger epistemological stances on both race/ism and history. While some discourses seemed to be in conflict, ultimately, white supremacy was protected through a lack of systemic analyses of racism and undergirding anti-Black logics.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85013311730
|
‘They are not Muslims’: A critical discourse analysis of the Ahmadiyya sect issue in Indonesia
|
This article examines discourse presentations of the Ahmadiyya sect (a self-defined sect of Islam) as created in texts produced by the Islamic Defender Front (Front Pembela Islam/the FPI). The FPI considers Ahmadiyya to be a deviant sect because the sect recognises its founder, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, as a new prophet of Islam after Prophet Muhammad. This teaching is in sharp contradiction to the belief of the majority of Muslims who believe that Muhammad is the seal of prophethood. This study aims to reveal the discourse strategies employed and discourse topics presented by the FPI in its written and spoken texts when presenting Ahmadiyya. The data analysed are two speeches delivered and two articles written by the FPI’s chairman, Habib Rizieq Shihab. The critical discourse analysis (CDA) theoretical framework employed in this study is based on Van Dijk’s ‘ideological square’, namely positive self- and negative other presentations. The findings of the study reveal that Ahmadiyya is depicted negatively as ‘the non-believers of Islam’, ‘the hijacker of Islam’, ‘the enemy of Islam’, and ‘the traitor/betrayer of Islam’, while Shihab has portrayed the FPI as ‘the tolerant Islamic group’
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85115643788
|
‘Think before you drink’: Challenging narratives on foetal alcohol spectrum disorder and indigeneity in Canada
|
Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) has emerged as a significant public health issue, in Canada and elsewhere. Health experts increasingly acknowledge that the disproportionate impact of FASD on indigenous people is driven by social and historical contexts, especially in settler colonial states like Canada. However, they generally frame FASD as preventable through abstinence and the effects of FASD as manageable through provision of appropriate medical and legal protection to affected offspring. Drawing from Marxist, anticolonial and anti-imperial theories and applying a Critical Discourse Analysis approach, we identify the (re) production of colonial and capitalist dominance in the expert literature. We show that dominant narratives depoliticize FASD by conceptualizing settler colonialism as a past event, ignoring ongoing, contemporary forms of settler colonial dispossession and resituating FASD within an expert language that locates solutions to FASD within affected individuals and communities. In so doing, these narratives legitimize, and contribute to perpetuating, existing disease inequities, prevent the formulation of policies that address the very real and as yet unmet needs of FASD affected individuals, families and communities and erase from the public discourse discussions about changes that could truly address FASD inequities at their root. We conclude by elaborating on the implication of these narratives for policy, practice and equity, in Canada and other settler colonial states.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85052136282
|
‘This is England, speak English!’: a corpus-assisted critical study of language ideologies in the right-leaning British press
|
This article examines right-leaning press representations of people living in the UK who can’t speak English, or at least speak English well, following the 2011 Census, which was the first to ask respondents about their main language and proficiency in English. The analysis takes a corpus-assisted approach to critical discourse analysis, based on a 1.8 million-word corpus of right-leaning newspaper articles about ‘speak(ing) English’ in the years following this historic Census (2011 to 2016). The analysis reveals the tendency for the press to focus on immigrants–particularly in the contexts of education and health–who are represented with recourse to a series of argumentation strategies, or ‘topoi’. Over the course of this paper, we argue that these topoi are problematic, as they present paradoxes, obscure the role of the Government in ensuring integration, overlook the difficulties of language learning and cultural assimilation, and generally contribute to a broader anti-immigrant UK media narrative which serves to legitimise exclusionary and discriminatory practices against people from minority linguistic and ethnic backgrounds.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85143587891
|
‘This is just a little flu’: analysing medical populist discourses on the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil
|
This paper explores the concept of medical populism to examine how Brazil has responded to the Covid-19 pandemic. Recognising the centrality of discourses in framing health policy, we employ Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to identify and analyse (1) what were the main discursive frames that characterised medical populism in Brazil’s Covid-19 crisis? and (2) how were these frames constructed, legitimated and reproduced in discursive meanings, structures and schemes of argumentation? Our study is an effort to inform the literature about medical populism and, more broadly, public health policymaking, administration and governance of health crises. Specifically, we seek to uncover the underlying discursive features of medical populism and expose how they frame public health policy. Our case study shows ample evidence that the main discursive frames underpinning medical populism during the Covid-19 crisis in Brazil reflected the most widely agreed attributes of populism as a strategic political discourse, notably an antagonistic depiction of the health problem, overpoliticisation and moral interpretation of political actors. However, our findings challenge some theoretical assumptions of extant conceptualisations of medical populism, thus providing greater insights into the concept of medical populism by demonstrating how this type of political discourse may incorporate different discursive meanings, structures and schemes of argumentation into its populist repertoire. This can help us anticipate patterns of action and narratives for preparing responses to future public health emergencies in an era of increasing post-truth politics, as populist discourses seem likely to influence public policy and governance for some time.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85058167155
|
‘This is where my inner history teacher appears’: a methodological approach to analysing student teachers’ professional identity in interaction
|
By testing a model for analysing identity in interaction, the present article explores how a history student teacher produces social identity in relation to his future profession as a teacher, with an important point of departure being the relationship between the academic and professional aspects of teacher education. This is addressed through an empirical analysis of a student teacher’s identity production in a specific academic setting: a bachelor thesis course. The main body of data consists of audio recordings and video recordings from a group of three student teachers giving feedback on each other’s theses. With respect to methodology, the article employs a model from multimodal (inter)action analysis that focuses on the concept of vertical identity–the notion that identity in interaction is produced in three layers of discourse simultaneously. The results show that the main participant produces the identity of history teacher in an academic setting where such identity production is not encouraged, e.g. by resemiotisising curricula: thus, policy documents can work as a tool when producing teacher identity. This production of identity is done by employing strong agency, which consequently points to the need of a more elaborated discussion on agency in the tested model.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85096313465
|
‘Those people who chose us’: Discursive construction of identity and belonging in the context of Quebec’s 2018 provincial elections
|
In the climate of the growing diversification of the ethnocultural landscape, Quebecers of French-Canadian background, often viewed as mistrustful of ethnic minorities, have been faced with the challenge of renegotiating the symbolic boundaries of what it means to be a Quebecer. This study investigates discursive construction of identity and belonging in a multi-text body of discourse generated in the context of the French-language party leader debates in the run-up to Quebec’s 2018 provincial elections, which brought to power the center-right Coalition Avenir Québec. A close textual analysis of discourse produced by the party leaders and by debate viewers commenting on the Facebook page of Radio-Canada during the debates’ live stream, following the research program of Critical Discourse Analysis, demonstrates an enduring ethnic bias in the conceptualization of Quebec identity by the dominant ingroup – Francophone Quebecers of French-Canadian origin – one that puts in jeopardy the inclusive, civic Quebec identity promoted in official discourse of the Quebec government.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85129354219
|
‘Through no fault of their own’: Social work students’ use of language to construct ‘service user’ identities
|
The way social workers discursively construct ‘service user’ identities in everyday interactions (interviews, conversations and text) can affect quality of relationships and practice outcomes. Even though research has focused on the construction of ‘service user’ identities by professionals and service users, little has been done to explore such discursive formulations by pre-qualifying social work students. This is especially relevant, given the strengthening of the ‘expert by experience’ identity in social work education. This paper seeks to make visible mechanisms of student identity constructions as to ‘who a service user is’, and implications for practice through the examination of student written work pre- and post- a module focussing on lived experience. A critical discursive psychology approach was followed, recognising the interplay between localised professional encounters and wider contexts of power relations. The findings show a shift in the ‘service user’ identities employed by the students mainly based on individualistic discourses and deserving/undeserving themes (substance misuse the result of vulnerability, rather than selfishness, domestic abuse narratives denoting resilience rather than victimhood). The effect to practice showed shifts between the reflective, expert, person-centred and critical/radical practitioner, mainly stressing the need for professional growth at an individual level, with less emphasis on addressing social inequality. The paper argues that predominantly individualistic discourses can perpetuate de-politicised or oppressive categorisations of ‘service users’ and calls for further critical engagement with the discursive micro-practises enacted and developed in the social work classroom, if we are to unveil and challenge narrow, or stigmatising categorisations early on.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85111243627
|
‘Thy Algorithm Shalt Not Bear False Witness’: An Evaluation of Multiclass Debiasing Methods on Word Embeddings
|
With the vast development and employment of artificial intelligence applications, research into the fairness of these algorithms has been increased. Specifically, in the natural language processing domain, it has been shown that social biases persist in word embeddings and are thus in danger of amplifying these biases when used. As an example of social bias, religious biases are shown to persist in word embeddings and the need for its removal is highlighted. This paper investigates the state-of-the-art multiclass debiasing techniques: Hard debiasing, SoftWEAT debiasing and Conceptor debiasing. It evaluates their performance when removing religious bias on a common basis by quantifying bias removal via the Word Embedding Association Test (WEAT), Mean Average Cosine Similarity (MAC) and the Relative Negative Sentiment Bias (RNSB). By investigating the religious bias removal on three widely used word embeddings, namely: Word2Vec, GloVe, and ConceptNet, it is shown that the preferred method is ConceptorDebiasing. Specifically, this technique manages to decrease the measured religious bias on average by 82.42%, 96.78% and 54.76% for the three word embedding sets respectively.
|
[
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Robustness in NLP",
"Representation Learning",
"Ethical NLP",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP"
] |
[
72,
58,
12,
17,
4
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85137145617
|
‘Thy algorithm shalt not bear false witness’: An Evaluation of Multiclass Debiasing Methods on Word Embeddings
|
With the vast development and employment of artificial intelligence applications, research into the fairness of these algorithms has been increased. Specifically, in the natural language processing domain, it has been shown that social biases persist in word embeddings and are thus in danger of amplifying these biases when used. As an example of social bias, religious biases are shown to persist in word embeddings and the need for its removal is highlighted. This paper investigates the state-of-the-art multiclass debiasing techniques: Hard debiasing, SoftWEAT debiasing and Conceptor debiasing. It evaluates their performance when removing religious bias on a common basis by quantifying bias removal via the Word Embedding Association Test (WEAT), Mean Average Cosine Similarity (MAC) and the Relative Negative Sentiment Bias (RNSB). By investigating the religious bias removal on three widely used word embeddings, namely: Word2Vec, GloVe, and ConceptNet, it is shown that the preferred method is ConceptorDebiasing. Specifically, this technique manages to decrease the measured religious bias on average by 82,42%, 96,78% and 54,76% for the three word embedding sets respectively.
|
[
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Robustness in NLP",
"Representation Learning",
"Ethical NLP",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP"
] |
[
72,
58,
12,
17,
4
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85120031027
|
‘To start talking phonics is crazy’: how parents understand ‘literacy’ in the lives of children with learning disabilities
|
Children and young people with learning disabilities may not acquire the independent reading and writing skills which are conflated with ‘literacy’ in international educational policy, calling into question what ‘literacy’ means in the context of ‘special education’. Existing literature explores teacher perspectives, but less is known about parent views. This study conducts semi-structured interviews with two mothers of learning disabled children, drawing on Critical Discourse Analysis to trace inflections of policy, theory and practice-based discourses in their talk as they attempt to construct a meaningful version of ‘literacy’ in their children’s lives. It is argued that parents may align either with conventional discourses of autonomous literacy currently favoured in policy–which may result in disappointment at the child’s ‘inability’–or with more expansive notions of ‘inclusive literacy’ which challenge and subvert conventional understandings of literate practice. Parental positioning, subjectivity and practice are interwoven with underpinning discursive constructions of ‘literacy’.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85070073475
|
‘Triage, Transition, and Transformation’: Advocacy Discourse in Urban School Reform
|
Advocacy coalitions have the potential to be a vehicle for community-based education reform in urban school systems, where state legislatures have increasingly adopted top-down policies such as state takeover and accountability systems. Yet, coalitions are influenced by and create their own informal and formal power structures that can include or exclude certain stakeholders and perspectives. In this study, the Advocacy Coalition Framework was used alongside critical discourse analysis of interviews, documents, and more than 50 news articles to explore how power and ideology shaped policy in the Coalition for the Future of Detroit Schoolchildren. We find that personal stories, political loyalties, and prior reform experiences shaped the narratives of Coalition members. While discourse from and about the Coalition was narrower in scope and representation during a tough legislative battle, the group’s policy victories and organizational infrastructure created potential for substantive community-led reform in the years following. This suggests that community-based education reform may require advocates to strategically sequence the promotion of diverse stakeholder interests in order to achieve broad coalition goals.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85059699641
|
‘Um, er’: how meaning varies between speech and its typed transcript
|
We report a small empirical study on the way the transcription used to represent speech affects its meaning. We show that ‘disfluencies’ in speech indicate far more uncertainty in the speaker when transmitted in text than when transmitted in recorded sound. This has important implications for how transcribed interviews should be edited when they are being used to convey meaning rather than the organization of phonemes. We propose the implications of different ways of representing speech in text could be a new subject for investigation. Presented here is one possible empirical approach to such studies.
|
[
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
70,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85030655572
|
‘Unassimilable and undesirable’: News elites’ discursive construction of the American immigrant during the Ellis Island years
|
This research examines the historical role news elites have played in shaping public perceptions of immigrants as a distinct social group. To that end, we identify the discursive strategies used by The New York Times to construct the ‘American immigrant’ during the Ellis Island years (1892–1924), a pivotal period when some of the nation’s earliest immigration restriction laws were established. Data were collected from front page newspaper articles and analysis was developed using the techniques of critical discourse analysis. Drawing on Foucault’s (1977) theoretical understanding of the enmeshment of power relations in discourse as well as Blumer’s (1958) group position model, we develop and test five hypotheses about the role of news elites in constructing this social group. Finding support for all hypotheses, we show how the article’s discursive choices dehumanized immigrants, trivialized their experiences, silenced their voices and helped legitimate an unequal social hierarchy that positions immigrants beneath non-immigrants.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85068386668
|
‘Until it kills you’: cancer related stigma on the Chilean tobacco packaging warning messages 2014-2016 campaign
|
Chile has one of the highest rates of tobacco consumption in the Americas and lung cancer is the main cancer-related death cause in the country. Since 2006, the Chilean Ministry of Health mandates pictorial warning labels on all tobacco packaging, in line with global trends of tobacco control and anti-smoking policy. The aim of this study was to perform a discourse analysis (DA) of the Chilean Campaign in force during 2014–2016. Focusing on what the campaign promotes, we problematized its discursive effects, in relation to lung cancer, cancer treatments and the causality between smoking and lung cancer. We developed an analytical inductive process based on Santander’s DA model, assessing written and visual rhetoric, extracting a core axis of the inevitable temporal progression of disease throughout the labelling messages story line, from the viewpoint of stigma as a discrediting trait. Main axis of analysis included: rhetoric of written and visual elements, fear & disgust appeal, and intertextuality with religious/military discourses. The campaign posits a metaphorical equivalence among smoking and lung cancer, and the latter as an inevitably fatal disease: ‘until it kills you’. Lung cancer is a discrediting feature implying physical and moral deterioration, due to aggressive treatments and personal identity spoiling. Fear and disgust appeals are strongly used through images and colors. The campaign’s rhetoric interpellates to ‘choose’ between life and death, showing lung cancer as a self-inflicted disease. We problematize the ethical/moral implications of public health campaigns based on reinforcing stigmatization of cancer patients and therapeutic nihilism.
|
[
"Visual Data in NLP",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Ethical NLP",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
20,
72,
71,
17,
4,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85051106231
|
‘Very much like any other Japanese RPG you’ve ever played’: Using undirected topic modelling to examine the evolution of JRPGs’ presence in anglophone web publications
|
What types of discourses characterize Japanese role-playing games (JRPGs) as a genre of video games? Why is the genre so difficult to define, and why has it become polarizing within the gaming community? This article suggests an outline of the evolution of the discourse surrounding JRPGs based on a macroanalysis of the anglophone online gaming press. Using undirected topic modelling text mining methodology to analyse a corpus of 2053 JRPG reviews gathered from ten different online journalistic outlets posted between 1992 and 2014, this article demonstrates the circumstances of the gradual introduction of the term Japanese role-playing games in online publication, first as an extension of other examples Japanese pop culture in the late 1990s and early 2000s, and subsequently as its own genre appropriated by anglophone gaming culture in the mid-2000s onwards and subjected to this community’s particular regime of values.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Topic Modeling",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Information Extraction & Text Mining"
] |
[
71,
9,
72,
3
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85034414271
|
‘Vilain et deshonneste’: Anti-politique polemic at the end of the wars of religion
|
This article approaches the theme of villainy in two ways. It looks at the vilification of a figure named politique in two pro-Ligue pamphlets printed in Paris in 1589. Within this, the word vilain is deployed as one of several clustered insults used in the process of vilification. I discuss the problems of meaning associated with these word uses which seem primarily intended to insult, wound, and to vilify supporters of the Valois (and then Bourbon) monarchy, and ask whether vilain has any particular significance, or even ‘content’, in these texts. I use amethodological framework that employs linguistic theories of contextually derived meaning, and literary approaches that privilege analysis of particular ‘key’ words, to explore the meeting of the words politique and vilain in a continuum between ‘meaningless’ hate speech and ‘meaningful’ socio-political commentary.
|
[
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
48,
57
] |
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