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- ---
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- library_name: transformers
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- tags:
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- - dinov2
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- - dino
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- - vision
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- - image-embeddings
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- - pet-recognition
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- model_id: AvitoTech/DINO-v2-small-for-animal-identification
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- pipeline_tag: image-feature-extraction
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- ---
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-
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- # DINOv2-Small Fine-tuned for Animal Identification
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-
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- Fine-tuned DINOv2-Small model for individual animal identification, specializing in distinguishing between unique cats and dogs. This model produces robust image embeddings optimized for pet recognition, re-identification, and verification tasks.
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-
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-
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- ## Model Details
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-
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- - **Base Model**: facebook/dinov2-small
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- - **Input**: Images (224x224)
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- - **Output**: Image embeddings (384-dimensional)
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- - **Task**: Individual animal identification and verification
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-
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- ## Training Data
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-
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- The model was trained on a comprehensive dataset combining multiple sources:
28
-
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- - **[PetFace Dataset](https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.13555)**: Large-scale animal face dataset with 257,484 unique individuals across 13 animal families
30
- - **[Dogs-World](https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/lextoumbourou/dogs-world)**: Kaggle dataset for dog breed and individual identification
31
- - **[LCW (Labeled Cats in the Wild)](https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/dseidli/lcwlabeled-cats-in-the-wild)**: Cat identification dataset
32
- - **Web-scraped Data**: Additional curated images from various sources
33
-
34
- **Total Dataset Statistics:**
35
- - **1,904,157** total photographs
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- - **695,091** unique individual animals (cats and dogs)
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-
38
- ## Training Details
39
-
40
- **Training Configuration:**
41
- - **Batch Size**: 116 samples (58 unique identities × 2 photos each)
42
- - **Optimizer**: Adam with learning rate 1e-4
43
- - **Training Duration**: 10 epochs
44
- - **Transfer Learning**: Final 5 transformer blocks unfrozen, lower layers frozen to preserve pre-trained features
45
-
46
- **Loss Function:**
47
- The model is trained using a combined loss function consisting of:
48
- 1. **Triplet Loss** (margin α=0.45): Encourages separation between different animal identities
49
- 2. **Intra-Pair Variance Regularization** (ε=0.01): Promotes consistency across multiple photos of the same animal
50
-
51
- Combined as: L_total = 1.0 × L_triplet + 0.5 × L_var
52
-
53
- This approach creates compact feature clusters for each individual animal while maintaining large separation between different identities.
54
-
55
- ## Performance Metrics
56
-
57
- The model has been benchmarked against various vision encoders on multiple pet recognition datasets:
58
-
59
- ### [Cat Individual Images Dataset](https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/timost1234/cat-individuals)
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-
61
- | Model | ROC AUC | EER | Top-1 | Top-5 | Top-10 |
62
- |-------|---------|-----|-------|-------|--------|
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- | CLIP-ViT-Base | 0.9821 | 0.0604 | 0.8359 | 0.9579 | 0.9711 |
64
- | **DINOv2-Small** | **0.9904** | **0.0422** | **0.8547** | **0.9660** | **0.9764** |
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- | SigLIP-Base | 0.9899 | 0.0390 | 0.8649 | 0.9757 | 0.9842 |
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- | SigLIP2-Base | 0.9894 | 0.0388 | 0.8660 | 0.9772 | 0.9863 |
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- | Zer0int CLIP-L | 0.9881 | 0.0509 | 0.8768 | 0.9767 | 0.9845 |
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- | SigLIP2-Giant | 0.9940 | 0.0344 | 0.8899 | 0.9868 | 0.9921 |
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- | SigLIP2-Giant + E5-Small-v2 + gating | 0.9929 | 0.0344 | 0.8952 | 0.9872 | 0.9932 |
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-
71
- ### [DogFaceNet Dataset](https://www.springerprofessional.de/en/a-deep-learning-approach-for-dog-face-verification-and-recogniti/17094782)
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-
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- | Model | ROC AUC | EER | Top-1 | Top-5 | Top-10 |
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- |-------|---------|-----|-------|-------|--------|
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- | CLIP-ViT-Base | 0.9739 | 0.0772 | 0.4350 | 0.6417 | 0.7204 |
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- | **DINOv2-Small** | **0.9829** | **0.0571** | **0.5581** | **0.7540** | **0.8139** |
77
- | SigLIP-Base | 0.9792 | 0.0606 | 0.5848 | 0.7746 | 0.8319 |
78
- | SigLIP2-Base | 0.9776 | 0.0672 | 0.5925 | 0.7856 | 0.8422 |
79
- | Zer0int CLIP-L | 0.9814 | 0.0625 | 0.6289 | 0.8092 | 0.8597 |
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- | SigLIP2-Giant | 0.9926 | 0.0326 | 0.7475 | 0.9009 | 0.9316 |
81
- | SigLIP2-Giant + E5-Small-v2 + gating | 0.9920 | 0.0314 | 0.7818 | 0.9233 | 0.9482 |
82
-
83
- ### Combined Test Dataset (Overall Performance)
84
-
85
- | Model | ROC AUC | EER | Top-1 | Top-5 | Top-10 |
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- |-------|---------|-----|-------|-------|--------|
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- | CLIP-ViT-Base | 0.9752 | 0.0729 | 0.6511 | 0.8122 | 0.8555 |
88
- | **DINOv2-Small** | **0.9848** | **0.0546** | **0.7180** | **0.8678** | **0.9009** |
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- | SigLIP-Base | 0.9811 | 0.0572 | 0.7359 | 0.8831 | 0.9140 |
90
- | SigLIP2-Base | 0.9793 | 0.0631 | 0.7400 | 0.8889 | 0.9197 |
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- | Zer0int CLIP-L | 0.9842 | 0.0565 | 0.7626 | 0.8994 | 0.9267 |
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- | SigLIP2-Giant | 0.9912 | 0.0378 | 0.8243 | 0.9471 | 0.9641 |
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- | SigLIP2-Giant + E5-Small-v2 + gating | 0.9882 | 0.0422 | 0.8428 | 0.9576 | 0.9722 |
94
-
95
- **Metrics Explanation:**
96
- - **ROC AUC**: Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve - measures the model's ability to distinguish between different individuals
97
- - **EER**: Equal Error Rate - the error rate where false acceptance and false rejection rates are equal
98
- - **Top-K**: Accuracy of correct identification within the top K predictions
99
-
100
- ## Basic Usage
101
-
102
- ### Installation
103
-
104
- ```bash
105
- pip install transformers torch pillow
106
- ```
107
-
108
- ### Get Image Embedding
109
-
110
- ```python
111
- import torch
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- import torch.nn.functional as F
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- from PIL import Image
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- from transformers import AutoModel, AutoImageProcessor
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-
116
- # Load model and processor
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- processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained("facebook/dinov2-small")
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- model = AutoModel.from_pretrained("AvitoTech/DINO-v2-small-for-animal-identification")
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-
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- device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
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- model = model.to(device).eval()
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-
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- # Load and process image
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- image = Image.open("your_image.jpg").convert("RGB")
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-
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- with torch.no_grad():
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- inputs = processor(images=[image], return_tensors="pt").to(device)
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- outputs = model(**inputs)
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- embedding = outputs.last_hidden_state[:, 0, :] # CLS token
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- embedding = F.normalize(embedding, dim=1)
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-
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- print(f"Embedding shape: {embedding.shape}") # torch.Size([1, 384])
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- ```
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-
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- ## Citation
136
-
137
- If you use this model in your research or applications, please cite our work:
138
-
139
- ```
140
- BibTeX citation will be added upon paper publication.
141
- ```
142
-
143
- ## Use Cases
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-
145
- - Individual pet identification and re-identification
146
- - Lost and found pet matching systems
147
- - Veterinary record management
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- - Animal behavior monitoring
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- - Wildlife conservation and tracking
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ ---
2
+ library_name: transformers
3
+ tags:
4
+ - dinov2
5
+ - dino
6
+ - vision
7
+ - image-embeddings
8
+ - pet-recognition
9
+ model_id: AvitoTech/DINO-v2-small-for-animal-identification
10
+ pipeline_tag: image-feature-extraction
11
+ ---
12
+
13
+ # DINOv2-Small Fine-tuned for Animal Identification
14
+
15
+ Fine-tuned DINOv2-Small model for individual animal identification, specializing in distinguishing between unique cats and dogs. This model produces robust image embeddings optimized for pet recognition, re-identification, and verification tasks.
16
+
17
+
18
+ ## Model Details
19
+
20
+ - **Base Model**: facebook/dinov2-small
21
+ - **Input**: Images (224x224)
22
+ - **Output**: Image embeddings (384-dimensional)
23
+ - **Task**: Individual animal identification and verification
24
+
25
+ ## Training Data
26
+
27
+ The model was trained on a comprehensive dataset combining multiple sources:
28
+
29
+ - **[PetFace Dataset](https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.13555)**: Large-scale animal face dataset with 257,484 unique individuals across 13 animal families
30
+ - **[Dogs-World](https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/lextoumbourou/dogs-world)**: Kaggle dataset for dog breed and individual identification
31
+ - **[LCW (Labeled Cats in the Wild)](https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/dseidli/lcwlabeled-cats-in-the-wild)**: Cat identification dataset
32
+ - **Web-scraped Data**: Additional curated images from various sources
33
+
34
+ **Total Dataset Statistics:**
35
+ - **1,904,157** total photographs
36
+ - **695,091** unique individual animals (cats and dogs)
37
+
38
+ ## Training Details
39
+
40
+ **Training Configuration:**
41
+ - **Batch Size**: 116 samples (58 unique identities × 2 photos each)
42
+ - **Optimizer**: Adam with learning rate 1e-4
43
+ - **Training Duration**: 10 epochs
44
+ - **Transfer Learning**: Final 5 transformer blocks unfrozen, lower layers frozen to preserve pre-trained features
45
+
46
+ **Loss Function:**
47
+ The model is trained using a combined loss function consisting of:
48
+ 1. **Triplet Loss** (margin α=0.45): Encourages separation between different animal identities
49
+ 2. **Intra-Pair Variance Regularization** (ε=0.01): Promotes consistency across multiple photos of the same animal
50
+
51
+ Combined as: L_total = 1.0 × L_triplet + 0.5 × L_var
52
+
53
+ This approach creates compact feature clusters for each individual animal while maintaining large separation between different identities.
54
+
55
+ ## Performance Metrics
56
+
57
+ The model has been benchmarked against various vision encoders on multiple pet recognition datasets:
58
+
59
+ ### [Cat Individual Images Dataset](https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/timost1234/cat-individuals)
60
+
61
+ | Model | ROC AUC | EER | Top-1 | Top-5 | Top-10 |
62
+ |-------|---------|-----|-------|-------|--------|
63
+ | CLIP-ViT-Base | 0.9821 | 0.0604 | 0.8359 | 0.9579 | 0.9711 |
64
+ | **DINOv2-Small** | **0.9904** | **0.0422** | **0.8547** | **0.9660** | **0.9764** |
65
+ | SigLIP-Base | 0.9899 | 0.0390 | 0.8649 | 0.9757 | 0.9842 |
66
+ | SigLIP2-Base | 0.9894 | 0.0388 | 0.8660 | 0.9772 | 0.9863 |
67
+ | Zer0int CLIP-L | 0.9881 | 0.0509 | 0.8768 | 0.9767 | 0.9845 |
68
+ | SigLIP2-Giant | 0.9940 | 0.0344 | 0.8899 | 0.9868 | 0.9921 |
69
+ | SigLIP2-Giant + E5-Small-v2 + gating | 0.9929 | 0.0344 | 0.8952 | 0.9872 | 0.9932 |
70
+
71
+ ### [DogFaceNet Dataset](https://www.springerprofessional.de/en/a-deep-learning-approach-for-dog-face-verification-and-recogniti/17094782)
72
+
73
+ | Model | ROC AUC | EER | Top-1 | Top-5 | Top-10 |
74
+ |-------|---------|-----|-------|-------|--------|
75
+ | CLIP-ViT-Base | 0.9739 | 0.0772 | 0.4350 | 0.6417 | 0.7204 |
76
+ | **DINOv2-Small** | **0.9829** | **0.0571** | **0.5581** | **0.7540** | **0.8139** |
77
+ | SigLIP-Base | 0.9792 | 0.0606 | 0.5848 | 0.7746 | 0.8319 |
78
+ | SigLIP2-Base | 0.9776 | 0.0672 | 0.5925 | 0.7856 | 0.8422 |
79
+ | Zer0int CLIP-L | 0.9814 | 0.0625 | 0.6289 | 0.8092 | 0.8597 |
80
+ | SigLIP2-Giant | 0.9926 | 0.0326 | 0.7475 | 0.9009 | 0.9316 |
81
+ | SigLIP2-Giant + E5-Small-v2 + gating | 0.9920 | 0.0314 | 0.7818 | 0.9233 | 0.9482 |
82
+
83
+ ### Combined Test Dataset (Overall Performance)
84
+
85
+ | Model | ROC AUC | EER | Top-1 | Top-5 | Top-10 |
86
+ |-------|---------|-----|-------|-------|--------|
87
+ | CLIP-ViT-Base | 0.9752 | 0.0729 | 0.6511 | 0.8122 | 0.8555 |
88
+ | **DINOv2-Small** | **0.9848** | **0.0546** | **0.7180** | **0.8678** | **0.9009** |
89
+ | SigLIP-Base | 0.9811 | 0.0572 | 0.7359 | 0.8831 | 0.9140 |
90
+ | SigLIP2-Base | 0.9793 | 0.0631 | 0.7400 | 0.8889 | 0.9197 |
91
+ | Zer0int CLIP-L | 0.9842 | 0.0565 | 0.7626 | 0.8994 | 0.9267 |
92
+ | SigLIP2-Giant | 0.9912 | 0.0378 | 0.8243 | 0.9471 | 0.9641 |
93
+ | SigLIP2-Giant + E5-Small-v2 + gating | 0.9882 | 0.0422 | 0.8428 | 0.9576 | 0.9722 |
94
+
95
+ **Metrics Explanation:**
96
+ - **ROC AUC**: Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve - measures the model's ability to distinguish between different individuals
97
+ - **EER**: Equal Error Rate - the error rate where false acceptance and false rejection rates are equal
98
+ - **Top-K**: Accuracy of correct identification within the top K predictions
99
+
100
+ ## Basic Usage
101
+
102
+ ### Installation
103
+
104
+ ```bash
105
+ pip install transformers torch pillow
106
+ ```
107
+
108
+ ### Get Image Embedding
109
+
110
+ ```python
111
+ import torch
112
+ from transformers import AutoModel, AutoImageProcessor
113
+ import torch.nn as nn
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+ from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
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+ import safetensors.torch
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+ from PIL import Image
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+ from torch.nn import functional as F
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+
119
+ class Model(nn.Module):
120
+ def __init__(self, ckpt="facebook/dinov2-small"):
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+ super().__init__()
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+ self.backbone = AutoModel.from_pretrained(ckpt)
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+ self.processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained(ckpt, use_fast=True)
124
+
125
+ def forward(self, images):
126
+ dev = next(self.parameters()).device
127
+ inputs = self.processor(images=images, return_tensors="pt").to(dev)
128
+ out = self.backbone(**inputs)
129
+ feats = out.last_hidden_state[:, 0, :]
130
+ return feats
131
+
132
+ model = Model()
133
+
134
+ weights_path = hf_hub_download("AvitoTech/DINO-v2-small-for-animal-identification", "model.safetensors")
135
+ state_dict = safetensors.torch.load_file(weights_path)
136
+ model.load_state_dict(state_dict)
137
+
138
+ device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
139
+ model = model.to(device).eval()
140
+
141
+ image = Image.open("your_image.jpg").convert("RGB")
142
+
143
+ with torch.no_grad():
144
+ embedding = model([image])
145
+ image_features = F.normalize(embedding, dim=1)
146
+
147
+ print(f"Embedding shape: {embedding.shape}") # torch.Size([1, 384])
148
+ ```
149
+
150
+ ## Citation
151
+
152
+ If you use this model in your research or applications, please cite our work:
153
+
154
+ ```
155
+ BibTeX citation will be added upon paper publication.
156
+ ```
157
+
158
+ ## Use Cases
159
+
160
+ - Individual pet identification and re-identification
161
+ - Lost and found pet matching systems
162
+ - Veterinary record management
163
+ - Animal behavior monitoring
164
+ - Wildlife conservation and tracking